Brussels sprouts are a popular vegetable gardener.
Her kochanchiki incredibly useful for the body, as they contain a whole range of nutrients, including phosphorus, iron, potassium.
A nice bonus for those who want to grow it in their garden, is the ease of planting and care, so even a beginner can handle all the work.
In this article, we will acquaint ourselves in detail with this wonderful plant, determine the choice of variety, learn how to properly care for and plant in the ground, and also learn everything about possible diseases and pests.
Where is growing?
Where and how does the culture grow, what is the need to provide care in the open field? Brussels sprouts - cold-resistant culture. Due to simplicity, it can be grown everywhere: in the south, in the middle belt, in Siberia and in the Urals.
Conditions for breeding
How to grow this variety in the open field in the garden, when and how to plant on seedlings? Seedlings need to provide a temperature of about 5-6 ° C at night, in the daytime - 16-18 ° C and normal illumination. At the same time, the air humidity should be at least 70%.
Brussels sprouts sprout very quickly - in 4-6 days. Sow seeds at a distance of three to four centimeters from each other and to a depth of two centimeters.
Growing cabbage is necessary only in a well-lit place, as the plant does not tolerate shade.
Variety selection
When choosing the right variety, it is important to consider a few points:
- Maturation term.
Early varieties yield a crop in 120-150 days. Mid-season cabbage ripens for 150-180 days. And the latest varieties will delight you with a harvest in 180-200 days.
- Early varieties and hybrids: Franklin F1, Long Island, Rosella F1.
- Mid-season varieties and hybrids: Merry company, Garnet bracelet F1, Hercules.
- Late ripening varieties and hybrids: Sanda, Curl, Commander.
- Productivity
With one bush on average, you can collect 50 heads. But if you choose Hercules 1342, then it can give up to 70 fruits.
- Biochemical composition.
Foreign varieties contain a lot of protein, minerals and vitamins. Between varieties and hybrids give preference to the second. They are genetically protected from parasites and diseases.
Where can one buy?
You can buy Brussels sprouts seeds at any specialty store. The average price will be 14-18 rubles, depending on the variety.
When and how to cook?
The right time for sowing seeds is mid-March-early April.. The difficulty is that the seedlings need to provide at night the temperature regime - 5-6 degrees, and in the daytime - 16-18 degrees. Place the seedlings in a room where the humidity is 70%.
Landing
Seed
How to grow a culture of seeds in the country?
Procedure:
- Sow seeds to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. For this purpose, individual pots filled with a moistened fertile substrate are suitable. To prepare it, mix in equal parts peat, sand, turfy ground, wood ash and mineral fertilizers.
- Before planting, treat substrate with potassium permanganate solution for disinfection.
- Plant out planting material with a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. Cover with polyethylene and install in a room where the temperature will be 18-20 degrees.
- After 4-5 days, the first shoots are formed.
- The first 2 weeks of irrigation are not needed, and then irrigate the soil as needed.
- Picks should be carried out after 2-3 leaves are formed, planting plants in separate containers.
From this time, open the covering material every day for 20 minutes.
Seedlings
For planting cabbage choose southern or southeastern areasthat are brightly illuminated by the sun. Suitable beds, which previously cultivated such crops:
potatoes;- carrot;
- cucumbers;
- legumes;
- bow;
- turnip;
- tomatoes;
- beet.
potatoes;7 days before planting, do not water the beds, and moisten the potted pots thoroughly. For vegetable crops suitable fertile loamy soil with a pH of 6.7-7.4.
- Prepare a plot from autumn. To do this, dig it up and make lime on the shovels bayonet.
- With the onset of spring on 1 m2 add compost or humus.
- Place a nutrient composition in the excavated well consisting of the following components:
- urea - 10 g;
- superphosphate - 40 g;
- wood ash - 40 g
Procedure:
- Arrange the wells according to the scheme 60x60 cm.
- Dig them up a little larger than the roots of the seedlings. Place compost mixed with earth in them.
- Pass the plant out of the pot, cover it with soil and lightly tamp. Sprinkle with warm water.
Watch a video about planting seedlings in open ground.
Care
Watering
Brussels sprouts - moisture-loving plant. For the entire vegetation period, watering should be performed 8-10 times. On 1 m2 takes 35-40 liters of water. If it is raining outside, then reduce the number of irrigations. For irrigation use separated water.
Top dressing
If you grow cabbage on non-fertilized soil, then during the growing season to make mineral compounds:
- First time to use top dressing 7 days after planting. To do this, use a solution of Nitrophoska. At 2 plants diluted in water 1 tsp. drug.
- The second time make dressing at the beginning of the formation of kochanchikov. In 10 l of water dissolve 25 g of potassium sulfate and superphosphate, and then add 10 g of nitroammofoski. On 1 bush leaves 1.5 liters of solution.
Pest control
The most dangerous insects for culture are:
- cruciferous flea;
- babanuha;
- spring cabbage and sprout flies;
- wavy and black fleas;
- cabbage whitefish;
- ognevka;
- aphid and moth;
- cabbage and rape bugs;
- root stealth;
- Medvedka;
- scoops - winter, cabbage and garden;
- wireworm;
- rape flower
Get rid of pests help folk remedies:
- From cabbage aphid helps infusion of tobacco dust.
- take 200 grams of ash and tobacco;
- add 20 g of mustard powder and soap;
- All pour 10 liters of hot water, insist 1 day.
- Garlic decoction is effective in combating various parasites.
- take 700 grams of garlic;
- pour 10 liters of boiling water;
- to torment on fire for 2 hours;
- Before irrigation, mix the solution with water in equal proportion.
- From the cruciferous flea it is effective to add fir oil to the water for irrigation. Insects simply cannot tolerate its smell.
A photo
View photos of Brussels sprouts.
Disease treatment
Most often the plant suffers from such diseases.:
- kila;
- white and dry rot;
- bel;
- blackleg;
- black and ring spots;
- downy mildew;
- vascular and mucous bacteriosis;
- mosaic.
To combat infectious diseases use fungicides such as Fundazole or Maxim.
If the plant is infected with viral and bacterial diseases, then the only solution would be to remove them from the site and burn them.
Preventing various problems
The main problem in the cultivation of Brussels sprouts remains defeat black leg. Prevention is based on the following recommendations.:
- do not thicken the crops;
- do not water the bushes with cold water;
- Do not overmoist the ground.
Seedlings, which are already affected by the black leg, should be immediately removed from the box, and all other plants should be poured with Alibine B solution. 1 tablet is taken for 5 liters of water.
Growing Brussels sprouts is not a difficult, but responsible business. Subject to all the recommendations for the care and planting every gardener can be proud of the harvest. It will certainly be high, tasty and high quality.
