Most often greenhouses are used for the cultivation of vegetables, one of the rare areas is considered growing mushrooms in closed ground.
For many, picking up mushrooms in the forest is associated with having a good time, but the mushrooms on your plot give you the advantage of being able to have fresh ones on the table. fragrant mushrooms in year-round mode.
The benefits of growing mushrooms in a greenhouse
Cultivation of mushrooms in the greenhouse is carried out most often in the period when it is free from vegetables. For these purposes, most often used unpretentious varieties, remaining after fungi humus is actively used as a fertilizer. The process is also economical, mushrooms do not require such investmentlike vegetables.
Other benefits:
- the possibility of growing for sale;
- environmental Safety;
- availability of seed material;
- no need for skills;
- low labor cost.
What mushrooms can be grown?
In first place in popularity is oyster mushroom, the advantages of its cultivation include high yield and short reproduction cycle. Its competitors are the mushroom-koltsevik and winter mushrooms.
Champignons are considered to be more capricious, the soil for them is prepared by a complex technological process. In details, how to grow champignons in the greenhouse, tell below.
Growing white mushrooms in a greenhouse, morels and a new type of shiitake mushroom, also no big deal with the right approach.
Greenhouse conditions
How to grow mushrooms in a greenhouse? The greenhouse for mushrooms is practically no different from the vegetable, the oyster mushroom can be land at the same time with cucumbers, conditions are almost the same. Champignons are most often grown for subsequent sale, as it is very profitable.
It is possible to grow champignons in the greenhouse all year round. For profit in year-round greenhouse must be equipped oven, electric and gas heating. Mushrooms grow well in glass and film greenhouses, while the main condition must be met - minimum lighting, the building must be protected from the penetration of the sun.
On how to build and strengthen the greenhouse from polycarbonate, how to make an arched, lean-to (wall), from window frames or choose a ready-made greenhouse, as well as how to properly arrange the building on the site, you can specify on our website.
For mushrooms it is necessary to prepare a separate section - cover the light with darkened film or agrofibre, it will allow to create the most comfortable conditions for the development of mycelium.
Special attention should be paid to the level of humidity, which should be high enough - for this it is necessary to constantly spray water substrate and walls of the greenhouse. Small sawdust has the ability to accumulate water and give it back later, therefore, to increase the humidity on the floor should be sawdust.
Capacity with water, placed at a distance of 1.5 m from each other, will help to ensure a high level of humidity; this method will provide additional circulation of moisture.
Features of growing
Oyster mushrooms
How to grow oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse? Oyster can be grown in two main ways: on wood sticks or in bags. In the second case, you must advance prepare tight packages and fill them with substrate. In this capacity, fine straw, sawdust or buckwheat hulls can be used, they can be taken both individually and in mixed form.
To substrate need to add some mycelium, put it in bags and tie it up. Oyster mushroom mycelium grows very quickly, in some cases it even has to be divided.
In the package it is necessary to make 7-10 holes, from where mushrooms will grow in the future. At the last stage, the bags should place in limbo on hooks or ropes.
Growing in the greenhouse oyster mushroom in the second way involves the planting of mycelium on the wood, for this you will need wooden bars. Pre-moistened pieces of wood are covered with a mycelium, the smallest parts of which penetrate into the tree and are fixed in it for a couple of days.
In the next step on germination area it is necessary to lay a roofing sheet or plastic film, sprinkle it with a mixture of sand, earth and sawdust, lay the bars on top every 30 cm. Cover them with earth and fine sawdust, sprinkle with manure, top bed agrofibre.
Useful video about growing oyster mushrooms:
Champignon
How to grow mushrooms in the greenhouse? The most important thing when growing mushrooms is the creation of favorable conditions. Optimum moisture level air is 75-90%, the temperature can vary between 0-25 degrees.
The technology of growing champignons in the greenhouse is as follows: in the first stage, straw and manure must be laid in piles, sprinkle with ammonium nitrate, in the proportion of 4 kg per 1 cubic meter, water, leave for four days. During this time, the compost warms up, after which it must be dug up and chalk added to the mixture at the rate of 1 kg per 1 cubic meter, after which the substrate is moistened.
Re-digging is carried out after another four days, at 1 cubic meter. mixtures add 4 kg of superphosphate and 10 kg of alabaster. The third digging is carried out through the same period of time, the same substances are added. After that, with a break of four days, four more digging without additives are carried out, the substrate must be decomposed into beds for approximately 24–25 days soil ph should not deviate much from 7.5.
The resulting mixture must be decomposed into beds, bags or boxes, the depth of the compost is 20 cm, when grown in plastic bags -4 0 cm. The soil temperature plays an important role in planting mycelium, it should fluctuate in the range of 25-30 degrees (at a depth of 5 cm).
If this condition is not observed, the mycelium may not germinate. On the beds you need to make holes every 25 cm and a depth of 8 cm, pieces of a three-centimeter size mycelium should be placed in them, compost and wet newspapers should be placed on top.
With increased humidity, the mycelium can be spread around the garden, lighting may be minimal. To maintain a humidity of 85-90%, the floor must be watered periodically.
The first fungi appear after two weeks, something like a silvery web appears on the surface. After the appearance of the mushroom smell newspapers should be replaced with a special mixtureconsisting of peat and lime (crumbs) in proportions of 3: 1. The thickness of the layer should be 3-4 cm, light alkaline soil mixtures can also become a substitute for peat.
The mycelium is covered with moistened earth, the temperature should be maintained at 14-17 degrees. After 2-3 weeks you should wait for the first harvest, after an interval of 8-10 days, the mycelium begins to bear fruit again.
Harvest should be at a stage when the film cover is in the closed state. Again on the same spot growing mushrooms is not recommendedThe substrate is used as a fertilizer.
Useful video about mushroom cultivation:
Conclusion
With the right approach, growing mushrooms in a greenhouse all year round can be done by everyone, mushrooms are unpretentious and do not require special care, investments are almost zero. The process requires compliance with certain agricultural practices, temperature and humidity should be maintained at an optimal level. The correct approach to the organization and use of land will allow in the year-round mode to have fresh mushrooms on the table.
