The widest color range of dahlias, the shape of the flowers and the size of a few people will remain indifferent. They are so beautiful and sophisticated, that in a different way and can not be called as a "miracle of nature"!
Dahlias are rootless perennials. The stem is branching, hollow and therefore brittle. Plant height from 30 cm to 1.5 m.
Flowers are simple and complex in structure, large and small. Dahlias are perennial and annuals.
The plant is thermophilic, does not tolerate frost. More suitable are sandy and loamy soils that are well fertilized. Bred flowers by seed, division of tubers and cuttings.
Annual dahlias
They are not inferior either to beauty or to the color spectrum of many years. Grow in open ground and in flower pots. For indoor cultivation derived special dwarf varieties.
Annual flowers are low up to 50 cm., With a long period of bud formation and flowering. They bloom beautifully and plentifully, as if feeling that in a short time it is necessary not only to grow, but also to have time to form seeds for the future.
Common dahlias easily get along with other types of flowers. Caring for them is a bit simpler: you do not need to pinch them and pinch like perennials, you can not tie them up. To maintain the aesthetic appearance, it is enough to remove withered inflorescences. Methods of growing annual dahlias are the same as those of perennials.
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Planted dahlias in the ground need after the frost finally pass.
It is advisable to sow the soil after growing dahlias with lupine. This plant of the legume family is a good sideratom, i.e. land plots are specially planted for embedding into the soil as an organic fertilizer.
Dahlias love light, poorly tolerate drafts and excess moisture. The most optimal order of landing - the ranks from east to west, in the course of the sun.
Planting annual dahlia seeds
Common dahlias propagate by seed, rarely by dividing the tubers.
In cold regions, seeds are planted in boxes in early March. Tanks with drainage holes, filled with moderately moist garden soil and humus.
Seeds germinate quickly (after 3-5 days).
Approximately 2 weeks after the sprout emergence, when the first full leaf is formed, the dahlia seedlings are planted at a distance of about 10 cm. But it is better to transplant to separate flower pots immediately.
At the end of the May frosts in the northern regions of the seedlings transplanted to the site at a distance of 30-60 cm, given the size of the future bush.
In warm regions, seeds can be sown immediately in open ground from mid-April.
Grooves are made in the soil with a depth of 1-2 cm with a distance between them up to 5 cm, seeds are laid out, and sprinkled with a layer of earth on top.
Planting tubers in a flower pot
The principle of breeding and planting tubers of annual and perennial dahlias is the same.
The process of planting a dahlia tuber in a flowerpot is simple, most importantly, the root should be intact (otherwise the flower will either be weak or the tuber will just rot over time) and a special land mixture (sand with peat or sawdust of hardwood trees) will be used.
Planting tubers in open ground
Depending on the variety of dahlias and to obtain beautiful inflorescences when planting, it is necessary to observe the distance between the tubers. Between large specimens the space should be about 1 m, medium - 70 cm, dwarf varieties - 50-60 cm.
In southern areas, tubers are planted in the ground since mid-April, in cold areas - it is necessary to wait until the end of spring frosts and plant in the end of May - beginning of June.
Dig a hole about 20 cm deep and moisten it. Next, place the pole for further garter plants. The tuber is placed in the hole so that the upper part can be sprinkled on top of the small-scale earth for 5-8 cm. Immediately after planting, the root can not be watered. Watering is done as needed.
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Plant cuttings in the southern regions in the second half of May, and in the northern regions - in early June.
In late February - early March, the tubers are planted in wet compost in a tank. For the next 3 weeks, planting material should be in a well-lit, warm place. Watering should be done if necessary.
When the dahlia sprouts reach 8-10 cm, they are cut or broken out "with the heel." This is the stalk. Immediately after cutting, the cutting can be placed either in water or in a prepared ground mixture for rooting.
At the end of May they can be planted in open ground. For this, a hole is dug (a little more than the size of a lump of earth at the root of the cutting), planting material is placed there and evenly filled with earth. Irrigation mode is determined by weather conditions or by necessity.
Caring for dahlias: easy and with the soul
Blossoming dahlia is different in duration. And in order for the plant to give a beautiful flower, it is recommended to carry out a pasynkovanie, i.e. remove excess and weak shoots, leaving no more than three. A large number of ovary buds reduce the size of the flowers themselves.
If you remove the side buds and leave only the central branch, you can achieve enlargement of the inflorescences. This method of forming a bush and inflorescences is called pinning.
Watering plants is carried out taking into account the natural conditions, rainfall and as needed. Excess moisture is difficult for flowers to tolerate, but they love the "shower". If the weather is dry during the formation of buds need to be watered a little more.
During the entire period of growth and flowering of dahlias, periodically feed liquid nitrogenous fertilizer.
Regularly remove wilted buds, it will preserve a beautiful view of the plantings and prolong the flowering period.
When destroying weeds, it is not recommended to deeply loosen the earth with sap, since the dahlia's roots are shallow.
Better grind the aisles with peat or compost, this will keep you moist and stop the growth of weeds.
In principle, dahlias do not require any special conditions for growing and care. A little time, labor, care, and a variety of colors and shades, size and shape of flowers will delight you and decorate the earth.
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