HIBISCUS SUDANESE ROSE: - CROP PRODUCTION

Hibiscus sudanese well known as Sudanese rose or rosella. In countries of the tropical region is grown as a vegetable crop, as well as a source of raw materials for the preparation of sweet dishes and the famous tea carcade. At home, growing hibiscus with the aim of obtaining tea leaves is hardly possible. But to decorate the house with a national flower of Malaysia is quite capable of even novice gardeners.

Appearance and main characteristics

The plant, which makes it possible not only to diversify the diet of the inhabitants of countries in tropical regions, but also supplying food and cosmetic dyes, raw materials for ropes and medicines, should be of impressive size. At home, Sudanese hibiscus can reach a height of up to five meters. At home, the most grateful copies of the representative of the Malvies are added up to two meters in height. Special attention deserve:

Root system rosella, which is a mixed version in which the main and secondary rods are present, and there is also a well developed lobe. Provided that the plants are treated with respect to the roots during transplantation, as well as timely prevention of damage by pests, it is the root system that allows the hibiscus to endure unfavorable conditions.
Leaves Sudanese roses attract the attention of a dark green color. The shape of the leaves is shamrock. The sheet plate itself is serrate, mostly bare and shiny. The location of petioles is regular, and the length often reaches fifteen centimeters.

Hibiscus leaves are not only dark green. There are varieties of plants whose leaves are variegated in color.

Flowers - the main pride of rosella. Bright and large, with protruding tubes formed above the surface of the petals. The peculiarity of flowers of any variety of Sudanese roses can be seen by looking at the edges of the petals. They are distinguished by a ragged toothed edge structure. The original shape of the flower makes it surprisingly beautiful, regardless of whether the surface is smooth on the petals or terry.
Hibiscus stem - smooth. Villi are absent, and the color of the bark varies from gray to brown, or even black, on the old stiffened parts of the trunk. The high strength of the Sudan rose stem is achieved with the help of a fibrous substance that is part of the bark.

How to care?

Hibiscus Sudanese rose is considered one of the most unpretentious in the care of domestic plants. For its cultivation is not required to make special efforts, but it is necessary to follow certain rules.
Only in this case, Rosella will delight shiny bright leaves and large flowers.

Landing. Purchased in the store, or grown from cuttings or seeds of a plant, planted in a specially prepared earthen mixture. You can buy it ready, but experienced growers prefer to prepare the soil on their own. For the earthy mix you will need leaf and turfy ground, peat, sand. At the bottom of the spacious dishes fit a layer of drainage of river pebbles or small stones.

The plant is planted without deep penetration and watered abundantly after planting.

Priming for Sudanese rose should be, first of all, nutritious. In addition to the above composition of the earth mixture, a mixture consisting of sod and leaf earth in one part, half of the part of the earth with humus with the addition of a small amount of sand is also used. Peat is added only for young plants. It is necessary to take it as much as it was taken sod or leafy land. Drainage can be made not only from stones, but also from expanded clay, pieces of red brick or clay shards.

Transfer Sudanese hibiscus requires special attention. First of all it concerns the root system. The plant is transplanted transshipment methodso as not to damage the roots.
The best time of year for transfers - Spring. The containers are chosen so that the diameter of the new pot is two or three centimeters greater than the diameter of the previous one. Preliminary preparation of a plant for transplantation consists in cutting off branches about one third of their current length.
Frequency of transplants of young hibiscusunder the age of five years - once a year. Adult plants from five years transplanted no more than once every three or four years.
Sudanese rose growing in a big tub can not be replanted, limiting the change of the top layer of soil.
Watering Sudan hibiscus is carried out in a mode strictly corresponding to the current season. The plant loves moisture, so in the summer the soil is kept in a constantly hydrated state. In winter, the situation changes. Watering becomes moderate, without waterlogging or excessive drying of the soil. Water temperature for irrigation should not be too low.

Frequent drying results in hibiscus dropping.

Like many moisture-loving plants, the Sudanese rose needs not only proper watering, but also regular spraying. In winter, due to functioning central heating, it is possible to increase the humidity with the help of humidifiers. In summer, or at high air temperatures in winter, the plant must be abundant and often sprayed.

Regular spraying protects the plant from aphids!

Fertilization carried out regularly after abundant watering. The plant is fed every week, using organic and mineral fertilizers. To increase the intensity of flowering suitable phosphate compounds. The rest period provides dressing no more than once a month.
Rosella is best placed on a bright windowsill, because the plant loves bright light. In winter it is necessary to arrange additional lighting.
Air temperature in the room where the Sudanese hibiscus is located, it should be within 25 degrees in summer, provided that there is frequent ventilation, and not less than 12 degrees in winter.

In order for the Sudanese rose to live for a period of twenty years or more, apart from the special irrigation regime and regular fertilizing, you should definitely pinching and trimming.

Pruning is carried out every year and stimulates abundant flowering. The reason - the flowers appear only on young shoots. Pinching and pruning not only form the desired shape of the bush, but also cause the active growth of young shoots, which later bloom.

Place the cut must be treated with garden pitch.

In order to enjoy large, up to 16 cm in diameter flowers, it is worth parting with old and sick shoots. Hibiscus blooms mostly summer. But, if desired, the flowering period can be shifted, providing the plant with an unplanned rest period and a decrease in the intensity of irrigation. The reward will be exotic flowers of various shades. Flowers, mostly odorless, although some varieties have a pleasant aroma, bloom in the early morning and fade after sunset. The fragility of flowering is compensated by a large number of blooming buds.

Diseases and pests

To get at least twenty flowers a day on a hibiscus bush of medium size, you must also take care of protecting the plant from pests and diseases. Most often hibiscus are attacked greenhouse aphids, scutes and spider mites. Fighting greenhouse aphids is the simplest task. Enough to apply spraying with aktellika. With a shield and a spider mite it is more difficult to fight. Pest need wash off the plantby applying a soap solution for this purpose. Then, just as in the case of the greenhouse aphids, sprinkle with aktellika solution.

Disease known as vascular wilting, leaves almost no chance of a diseased plant. Called vascular wilting fungi Fusarium and Verticillium. The name of the genus of fungi gave the name of the disease - Fusarium and Verticillis. It is possible to prolong the life of a plant that has fallen vascular wilt by trimming diseased branches. But, unfortunately, it will not be possible to significantly affect the process of the death of hibiscus.

Breeding

You can give life to a new plant in one of three ways:

Seed propagation. You can get the seeds yourself, conducting pollination with a brush at an optimal humidity of 80-100%. The best period for pollination begins in mid-autumn and lasts until early spring. Seeds ripen within two and a half months. Seeds intended for planting undergo scarification - special mechanical damage to the shell. Next, the seeds must be soaked overnight and then planted in a mixture of two parts of leaf humus and one part of perlite to a depth of no more than six millimeters.
The best temperature for successful germination is 28 degrees.
The first shoots will appear in a couple of weeks. The plant grown from seed will start blooming in about a year.

Reproduction by cuttings. For this purpose, green cuttings are used, if reproduction occurs during the summer period, and lignified cuttings. The length of the cutting should be about eighteen centimeters. All leaves are removed, except for the top two. The mixture for rooting is used the same as for the reproduction of hibiscus seeds. Planted cuttings to a depth of at least four centimeters. The rooting process is completed after a month and a half, subject to daily ventilation, absolute humidity, air temperature of 27 degrees and the presence of bright ambient light.
The third method of propagation of Sudanese rose - use of air cuts.

Regularly following simple tips on the care and reproduction of Sudan hibiscus, even a novice grower can create a piece of tropical paradise on his window sill. The main thing - to perform all necessary actions regularly.