The apple tree is an integral part of every garden.
The main advantage of apple trees Carpet varieties is regular yield.
High consumer qualities of fruits and distinctive dwarf tree shape.
Description of the variety and photos further in the article.
What kind is it?
Dwarf Apple Carpet refers toautumn varieties. Winter hardiness of apple trees is high, however, it is difficult to endure drought.
Characterized by medium resistant to fungal diseases.
The safety of the fruit lasts up to two months after removal.
Under the right storage conditions, the time increases.
Apples should be stored in cool rooms or in a special storage facility (or refrigerator) at 0 ° C and relative humidity air 90-95%.
Calibrated by size apples are best placed in wooden containers (boxes, containers or racks). Subject to such conditions, apples can store until November.
Also for the autumn varieties include: Cinnamon New, Kutuzovets, Young naturalist, Uspenskoe, Uslada, Prima, Gift to gardeners, Pepin Saffron, Freshness, Scala, Sunny, Welsey.
Pollination
This variety of apple refers to self-infertile sight. This means that pollination occurs due to the pollen of apple flowers of the self-fruiting variety.
Therefore, it is important to have both at least two varieties in the garden planted in the distance about five meters.
The most suitable pollinators for the variety Kovrovoye: Snowdrop, Sokolovskoye, Grounded.
Description of a grade Carpet
The apple tree variety Kovrovoe is characterized by a dwarf growth with a characteristic horizontal crown and beautiful yellow-green fruits.
Reach a height of no more than two meters.
Average height 1.2-1.5 meters. Bark color - brown, without additional shades.
Fruiting type mixed.
The shoots are medium in thickness, brown.
The leaf plate is large, oblong, bright grass green color.
Oddly enough, reach a large size. Apple weight average from 170 to 190 grams. The main color of the fruit is greenish-yellow, the coverslip is saturated red.
The skin is glossy, oily. The stem is not long. The flesh is dry, cream-colored, granular texture. Taste sweet and sour traditional.
The chemical composition of the apple Carpet:
| Component | Content |
|---|---|
| Soluble solids | up to 16% |
| Sahara | 12% |
| Titrated acids | 0,5% |
| Vitamin C | about 15 mg per 100 g; |
| Pectic substances | about 2% |
A photo
Breeding history
Apple variety Carpet was obtained in Research Institute for Fruit Growing of the Southern Urals.
Breeders varieties are Mazunin N.A., Putyatin V.I. and Mazunin N.F.
Bred by free pollination of a variety. Eliza Ratke.
Natural growth region
The zone of natural growth is West Siberian and Ural regions of Russia.
With proper fit and care, it is easily adaptable in other regions.
However, it takes root poorly in arid areas.
Yield
The fruits of the apple tree brings in the third or fourth year.
The first few years it is regular, annual, later becomes periodic.
The variety is characterized by precocity and high yield.
One apple tree gives up to 60 kilograms of fruit. Fruits are removed in early September.
Then you need to put the apples in storage and ripening for 2-3 weeks.
Consumer period begins in mid-September and lasts until the beginning of November.
Apple varieties have high yields: Augusta, Antonovka Dessert, Gala, Cinnamon Striped, Papirovka, Stroyevskoye, Sokolovskoye, Chudnoe, Yandykovskoye, Lobo.
Planting and care
Due attention should be paid to planting apple varieties Carpet. In the care of the tree is not whimsical.
If necessary, an apple tree can be planted at any time of the year, except for the winter.
However, experienced gardeners recommend choosing one of two periods:
- spring (late April);
- autumn (late September - early October).
It is also important to choose the right seedling before planting.
It should be:
- with a developed root system;
- purchased in the zone with the same climatic conditions;
- young, then he quickly adapts to the soil in the area where he is grown.
One month before planting, it is necessary to prepare landing pits.
Since this is a small tree, we will need small pits too - 0.7x0.7x0.6m.
They must be locatedand a distance of three or four meters from each other.
The upper layer of the excavated earth is mixed with the lower layer and the following fertilizers are introduced:
| amount | Fertilizer |
|---|---|
| 5 kg | Manure humus |
| 250 g | Wood ash |
| 250 g | Superphosphate |
| 150 g | Calcium Nitrate |
The pit is filled with a mixture of earth with fertilizers, leaving a third for fertile soil without fertilizers on the surface. Pit watered and again fill the layer of fertile soil.
Landing should be done carefully. Desirable four hands. At the end, the apple tree is tied to a wooden stake (it is better to use a linden tree or hazel tree) and it is plentifully watered.
The planting site of this variety should be well lit, located away from groundwater, in well-drained areas (pH 5.5-6.5) and on fertile soil, preferably loamy type.
In the first year after planting, all that is required is the elimination of weeds around the planting pit and regular watering.
In the second year, the crown forming begins.
It is necessary to cut the ends of all branches and shoots.
For this you need to remove 80-100% of flowers.
It is important to prevent the appearance of fruits during the first 3 years.
Basic care during the first five years after planting:
- protection of the tree from rodents and hares (material - parchment, lapnik) by tying the tree;
- creating edges from the ground to a height of twenty centimeters around the landing pit;
- mulching with humus pristvolnyh circles.
Every year at the beginning of spring it is necessary to irrigate with mixtures of pests.
This must be done twice:
- during the swelling of the buds on the branches;
- before blooming buds.
Since the Kovrovoe tree is a rather undersized tree, in the winter period it undergoes breaking of branches. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to free an apple tree from snowdrifts formed around it.
Diseases and pests
Fruit trees are often susceptible to various fungal diseases.
The apple-tree variety Kovrovoe is characterized by moderate resistance to similar diseases.
Most often, this variety affects:
- tinder mushroom;
- powdery mildew;
- scab.
First sign of attack tinder mushroom there will be a wound (fungus) on the bark.
It strongly affects the trunk of an apple tree, but it affects the fruit indirectly.
Necessary in the very first stages get rid of the fungus.
If the fungus severely hit the tree, became very hard and reached a large size, then the fungus will have to be destroyed with an ax, then healthy wood will naturally suffer.
If the wound is small, then it can be gently cleaned with a garden knife.
It is important to destroy the fungus at its very roots. Otherwise, after some time, the mushroom “settles” again in the same place.
After the elimination of the fungus, the place in which he grew up must be disinfected.
Treatment should be carried out with copper sulphate, after which it is desirable to paint over the treated area with oil paint.
Otherwise, the tinder mushroom will settle again in the same place.
Mealy dew appears, as a rule, after heavy rains and manifests itself in the form of white bloom on the leaves of an apple tree. Infection occurs on the tree from the bottom up, until it completely attacks the tree.
Feature scab - primarily affects the leaves of the tree, and then moves to the fruit.
The cause of this fungus may be high humidity or stagnation of air inside the crown of a tree.
The first signs of scab are the appearance of green-brown spots on the leaves and small brown, forming a crust, spots on the fruit.
These and many other diseases can easily be avoided by observing a number of preventive measures, which consist of:
- soil ash;
- crown formation;
- feed with potash and calcium fertilizers;
- feeding with compost;
- pollination of colloidal sulfur and copper compounds;
- the use of varieties with high resistance to diseases;
- destruction of the affected elements.
If, however, the disease attacked the tree, there is a universal set of measures that will help get rid of almost any pest:
a solution of urea (on average, 7-8 liters is needed per tree), copper oxychloride, which must be used first before flowering, and then during the appearance of the first fruits, and Bordeaux liquid, which can be easily replaced with copper sulfate.
Carpet - an exceptional sort of apple with a lot of advantages and benefits.
It is appreciated for its high consumer qualities and good chemical composition.
The tree is often used for decorative purposes, due to its distinctive appearance.
Watch the video on how to properly prune an apple tree in spring.
