Very often among summer residents and farmers with large household farms, the question arises how to use this land rationally.
It is a good idea to grow broiler chickens in a specially built room on deep bedding, or in specially equipped cages.
It is hardly worth talking about the advantages of broiler chickens over ordinary chickens.
This is evidenced by numbers and a fairly simple mathematics: an ordinary chicken is grown for 50 days and reaches only half a kilogram of live weight, while a broiler chicken at the end of the same term gives one and a half, or even more than a kilogram of tender, nutritious meat.
Broilers appeared as a species of chickens thanks to the fantasy of English and American farmers as a type of hybrid chicken. There are various types of broiler chickens.
You can purchase these chickens either at poultry farms or from private traders in the market. How to buy chickens and how to care for them?
How to buy broiler chickens?
As already mentioned above, buy breeding chickens at poultry farms. So you will save yourself from cheating, because good sanitary conditions are created for chickens from large producers. This means that your broiler population will not die from any mora or infectious disease.
You can also buy chickens from private individuals, here you have the opportunity to thoroughly investigate what you still buy.
Broilers for divorce are usually bought at the age of the first ten days from their birth.
When choosing a chicken, make sure that it is lively, energetic, with shining eyes.. Do not give preference to lifeless, lethargic hens with a bad gun. Also be careful not to bleed the umbilical cord.
The older the chicken, the more expensive it will cost you, because this increases the possibility of effective cultivation of a broiler.
Feeding chickens at home requires specific knowledge not only about the chickens themselves, but also about feed.To learn the subtleties of growing hens, it is enough to read this article.
Also for novice farmers, the actual question is how many chickens are initially worth buying. First of all, proceed from the premise you allocate in the future for your livestock. Bear in mind that efficient broiler chickens rearing consists of a deliberate reduction in space and free movement for broilers. Initially, for example, keep 20 broilers per square meter in your head and, taking into account the space of your subsidiary farm, buy chickens.
Conditions of detention
For farmers and gardeners, with a farm, there is a good choice in what conditions to grow large chickens. However, I would like to consider some of the most common and even for a beginner ways. This is the rearing of chickens in deep bedding and cages.
Initially, any business executive must create conditions for broilers so that chickens get enough light, stay in a well-ventilated room and have very little space so that chickens gain weight faster.
Deep bedding
For this you need to equip the house. It should be well ventilated, well ventilated, however, heat retaining. It is advisable to make the floor waterproof. Secure the house in advance from all sorts of rodents.
To do this, it is necessary to pour sawdust on the pre-whitewashed floor, husks from the seeds, crushed corn cobs and peat. All this material must be thoroughly dried, and for this purpose it is harvested in the summer months and already in the autumn or in other seasons of the year, when you plan to engage in chick divorce, prostrate with a thick ball.
Further you put a feeding trough and a drinking bowl. In the drinking bowl should be either cold water (innovation of American farmers), or barely warm.
Now you need to think about what conditions you need to create in the house. Initially, think about airing the room. The fact is that a good development of broilers humidity should be at least 60%. Raw air will cause all kinds of infections in chickens, and excessively humid will cause respiratory disease.
Do not forget that a lot of moisture will also come from drinking bowls. The air should be moderately humid and naturally clean.
The temperature in the house during different periods of life of the chickens should be different. Before buying broilers, set the temperature to 25 degrees. Already before placing the chickens in the house, fumigate in front of the lamp, which will be the main source of heat, thick layers of paper and sawdust, which will be your deep bedding. The temperature under the lamp should be between 15 and 30 degrees.
A certain temperature can be achieved with the help of special lamps or heaters. Leave some shade in the house so that the chickens can sleep there. On the first day of growing broilers, daylight hours for them should be 24 hours. By the 10th day of chickens' growth, it should be given intense heat and light, alternating for two hours. If you cannot do this, for one reason or another, then limit the daylight hours for your chickens to 16 hours.
So, two week old chicks should be kept at a temperature of 30 degrees, a three-week chickens reduced by five degrees, and chicks that you have been growing for about a month, create a 20-degree temperature.
When the chickens reach twenty days of age, the lighting diminishes twice. It is important to remember that initially it is necessary to distinguish offspring from chickens and roosters and create conditions for their growth in different pens.
On the tenth day, you can remove the fence around the lamp or heater, fill the feeder feed, burn paper. During bird growth, the height of the feeder should rise.
During the entire growth of broilers it is necessary to monitor their behavior, if the chickens are spreading their beaks and spreading their wings, the degree should be lowered. If they gather in heaps and are bent in balls it is necessary to raise temperature condition.
Cells
In homestead farms it would be rational to build cages for birds. They are installed in several tiers (as a rule, two or three tiers) in order to save space. So you will significantly save on the acquisition and installation of deep litter. In this case, it is absolutely not needed. In addition, the content in the cages significantly reduces the chance of disease of the population.
Initially, it is necessary to place 10 chicks in a cage in the format of half a square meter and not remove them from there until the end of fattening (50-60 days).
The temperature is determined according to the age of the chickens and is strictly observed, since the chicks in the cage are restricted in movement and cannot choose a more comfortable place for themselves. A 50 day old chicken needs a temperature of only about twenty degrees.
In the case of growing chickens in cages at the end of fattening chickens reach a mass of 1.4 kg with a landing of 35-36 heads per square meter, roosters-1.6 kg with a pile of 30 heads.
Feeding
Broiler chickens are distributed according to age. A 1-5 day old chicken is given special foods that are well soluble in water and are remarkably absorbed by the bird's ventricle.
If there is no such food at hand, worth trying to give a boiled egg. The composition of the feed for the five-day chickens should include wheat, corn, barley, milk powder. From the fifth day to the month we prepare the main ration for the birds. It will consist of wheat, corn, fish and grass meal, fodder yeast, some calcium for bone growth (literally 1% of the total composition), fodder fat, and milk powder.
In the middle of raising chickens, that is, on the thirtieth day, complementary food should be removed from the composition of the milk. But you can add to the diet a variety of household waste: scraps of vegetables, boiled vegetables, dried bread, and instead of calcium, shredded eggshells are used.
Broiler chickens should be supplied with protein. It will be nice if you add to the main feed sour milk, whey or milk. Also on the eleventh day, you can feed the bird fish waste, 6 grams per chicken. Grass meal is given on 3-5 grams in different periods of a broiler's life. A delicacy for this bird is a carrot, you can add it to a seven-day chicken.
The breed of chickens Paduan has an elegant appearance, and the number of different colors of feathering can please any poultry farmer!At the address //selo.guru/ptitsa/kury/porody/myaso-yaichnye/polverara.html is a description of the hens of Polverara.
Vitamins can be given to chickens, starting from five days of age. Give vitamins A and E. Do not give sand to broilers. In order to avoid bone disease in chickens, you should think about the addition in the form of bone meal, crushed shells and everything that contains calcium. Vitamins also help strengthen bones.
You can also try to give the chicken special food made in poultry farms. Buy them in sufficient quantities, and you do not have to prepare food for the chick at home.
How to avoid livestock diseases?
In order to protect their chickens from the pestilence, it is necessary initially to create favorable conditions for their growth and development. Establish excellent conditions for chicks in poultry houses or cages. To do this, you need to control the lighting, temperature and humidity. Of course, one of the most important components of broiler poultry health is its nutrition.
As for the humidity of the air, it should never be increased. Neither lowered. Exactly 60% must be moist air in the house or in a cage. If the air is too humid, the bird will wither.
The heat of the air should not be off scale and cause irritation of the respiratory tract mucous in chickens.
As for the lighting, it should not be intrusive, so that the bird has the opportunity to go to sleep. Do not forget also that a very bright light can lead to a broiler bite. But besides, there can be other reasons for biting: the lack of protein in food, or gravel, moisture and dampness of the litter. If suddenly the pecking began, it is worth watering the chicken with citric acid, diluted in water.
Chickens often have problems with the gastric tract, for this it is worth paying attention to what the bird eats. To avoid this is quite simple. Three weeks old chicks should be given potassium permanganate diluted with water. Give this solution every three weeks.
Initially, chickens need to eat eight meals a day, at the end of feeding we give food four times a day.
As for the drinkers, in order to avoid the chickens plague, you need to constantly fill them and keep them clean. The water in the drinker can be both cold and warm. However, never raise it to 30 degrees, otherwise the bird will stop drinking.
To avoid infection, feeders and drinkers are washed and cleaned daily, and once a week they should be washed with soda or soap. Each week it is worth weighing chickens to determine the effectiveness of feeding.
Growing dates
The ideal option for you would be to buy a chicken between the ages of one to ten days and nurture it up to 50-60 days. It is not very good to grow chicken after the sixtieth day, because by this time the chicken is gaining its bulk and is ready to go for slaughter. Further feeding of chickens will be irrational, since the meat with the age of the broiler loses quality.
Chickens go to slaughter at a young age and bring a good amount of bird meat.
Even a newbie will be able to breed chickens at home - the farmer, the birds have quite tasty meat and fully cover all the costs with a good gain. Do not be afraid to raise broiler chickens, because this bird has much more advantages over other domestic birds.
