Have you heard of the Chizhov pear?
And maybe you have enjoyed its juicy taste and have a desire to plant such a tree in your house?
In our article we will consider everything that is needed for this.
Description of the fetus (advantages, disadvantages)
Chizhovskaya hybrid pear bred by Russian breeders, which was obtained by crossing two good varieties. From the first (Forest Beauty), the new variety got an externally attractive look and wonderful taste, and from the second (Olga) - resistance to severe frosts.
In appearance, the pear is not very large, the average weight is 130 grams. It has the usual pear-shaped and yellow color, with pale pink tint, mainly on one side. Pulp the fruit is light, almost white. It cannot be said that it has a strong aroma, but its taste is excellent. With light sourness, which gives it freshness.
What can be attributed to the pluses of this variety? Select the earliness. The tree will bear fruit after three years from the moment of its inculcation. Long-lasting product appearance is also important. Fruits can be stored for a long time (up to four months at 0ºС).
In addition, they are hard enough to travel long distances, although their transportability is estimated as average. An important advantage is the minimum shedding of fruits, even with gusty wind. And what can we say about the yield! 40 pounds of pears, even in the most lean year - no problem!
The taste is also very high. So have a fruit find limitations - even problematic. They have the tree itself, like plants, but we will discuss this later. But pear, as a fruit, you can put 5 points out of five.
Description of the tree (advantages, disadvantages)
Now let's talk about the tree itself. It does not differ in special height and has an average height. Crown as it grows, changes its shape (from narrow to pyramidal), rather thick, but does not have excessive foliage.
You can characterize it as sprawling, which allows you to harvest the crop without any problems or special adaptations. Themselves leaves without pubescence on both sides, serrated edges.
But what the biggest plus at our tree? This is its high resistance to lowering the temperature, which we mentioned earlier. During flowering, it withstands frost to minus three degrees. That is why this variety has found a huge number of fans among gardeners living in the northern regions, where spring can be quite cold.
It is impossible not to single out, as a plus, the self-fertility of our pear. You will get your crop even when other pollinators are not growing nearby, and even if you plant a couple of fruit trees near you, then wait for the crop to increase by at least 10%! On the advice of breeders for this best fit varieties Rogneda and Lada.
Everything seems to be so good and smooth: the taste is good, and stored for a long time, and our tree is not afraid of frost, but, like everywhere, there must be some cons and disadvantages? And, unfortunately, they are. But how much they are essential, each gardener to decide independently.
In our pear a certain peculiarity is genetically laid, which will upset us a little - the fruits shrink every year as the tree grows old and after a fifteen-year period, most likely, they will not exceed 80 grams.
Another significant drawback is its low resistance to various pests. Every bug and strives to gnaw leaves or eat a tasty pear, making us completely unnecessary holes, which worsen the presentation. And this will have to constantly fight. We will still have time to talk about how to do this, but for now we will learn how to plant the Chizhov pear and all the subtleties of caring for it.
How to plant a pear?
So, let's proceed to the most crucial moment - the planting of our pear. True, for now, verbal. Everything depends on this procedure: how we plant it, we will harvest it in the end. The most basic is the choice of location. The soil should not be clay!
Best option - soil with chernozem or loamy. Be sure to feed the soil, fight with its high acidity with lime. We bring 25-30 kg of humus, 200 grams of potassium chloride, one and a half kilograms of superphosphate and the same amount of lime into the pit.
For the rest landing principle Little different from planting ordinary pears. Spring is the best time for this. But the pit for planting will not be superfluous to prepare in the fall. We dig a hole 70 cm in diameter and one meter deep, remove the top of the soil, we will need it.
At the bottom we lay humus, sand, potassium sulfate, superphosphate and cover it with earth, which was laid. This is necessary so that the roots at an early stage of development do not come into contact with too “aggressive” fertilizers that can harm them.
In one bucket of water we plant two glasses of lime and pour it into a hole, then pour another 2 buckets without any impurities, fill it with fertile soil and let it await spring. Further, all without features. We make an indentation so that the roots are freely placed, without wrinkles, we do not deepen it strongly, we sprinkle it and pour in water (3 buckets). We mulch with peat. Formation of the tree begin immediately, cutting one third.
Care is important for a good harvest.
Watering
While the tree is young, it is very painful experiencing a lack of moisture. Therefore, watering is very important. Need to water copiously and quite often (4 times a month), but with care, bypassing the stem and leaves. When the root system is strong enough, you can reduce watering to one time, and over time it will be enough food from the soil.
Pruning
The pear is light-requiring, and therefore the correct pruning of the branches helps it to exist in the best conditions and is an important step in the process of caring for the tree. Only by cutting off it is important not to overdo it. It is a mistake to think that the smaller the branches, the richer the harvest. Recommended to cut off the internal branches and leave the lower ones, since with proper care they are able to give an excellent harvest.
Fertilizers
As mentioned above, in this case it is important not to harm because this is also possible. Best of all, of course, to fertilize the entire land plot, but not always there are opportunities for this. That is why more often they do as we have described above - fertilizers are placed directly in the pit.
What else needs to be remembered and know when approaching this process? Useful it would know the composition of the soil and conduct an agrochemical analysis, but, again, this is rarely done. Because you need to adhere to universal tips. We all know that both deficiency and excess nitrogen negatively affect plant development. If it is missed, it will be noticeable on the leaves. They will have underdevelopment.
But if there is a lot of it, then this will reduce the frost resistance, which distinguishes our pear variety. Phosphorus, potassium, calcium - are also necessary for the proper development of any plant. It is important to adhere to a certain ratio between nutrients.
For pears, the ammonium form of a combination of phosphorus and nitrogen is suitable. This may be ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate. The best proportions: 3 parts, for example, ammonium, 1 part superphosphate and 4 parts of a substance containing potassium.
As practice shows, this ratio is the most effective and beneficial effect on the development of the pear tree. Manure also contains all the listed trace elements. This fertilizer is recommended to be used annually, bringing to a depth of about 20 cm in the amount of two kilograms per 1 square meter. m. Neutral acidity of the soil - the most ideal option for pears.
Therefore sour soil cannot be fertilizedcontaining this chemical element, without prior introduction of lime. If you consider yourself an experienced gardener and one hundred percent sure of the lack of a trace element, you can feed with a spraying method using a urea solution (40 g per 10 l) or boron solution (10 g per 10 l).
Both spraying is carried out after the tree stops flowering (on the sixth day), the treatment with urea is repeated after two weeks, and with boron and during the ripening of the fruit. In any case, approaching the process of feeding, take as a rule the phrase: it is better to not saline than to salt!
It is also interesting to read about the most popular varieties of pears.
Pest protection
For Chizhovskaya pear danger are the same diseases and pests that usually attack an apple tree and an ordinary pear tree. There are many of them, but we will try to consider the most basic ones.
Pearbug tends to feast on pear juice. For the winter, he hides in the fallen leaves, and in the spring he activates and starts the attack. Therefore, in the autumn you need to collect and burn all the leaves that have accumulated in a tree.
Another pear lover is a pear trumpet worm. This type of pest is highly resistant to frost and is very prolific. Also tend to hide in the foliage and penetrate into the soil. The methods of struggle are the same as with the pear bug.
If you notice irregularities and deformation on the leaves, it is likely that the tree is struck with a tick. This parasite overwinters in the plant's buds and feeds on sap. Here spraying colloid sulfur will help.
Pear moth harm the appearance of the fetus, making it inputs to penetrate to the bone. Spraying with benzophosphate will help get rid of it.
By spraying Do not forget about the basic rules in this matter:
-prepared solution is used on the same day;
- we process trees under favorable weather conditions (windless, no precipitation);
- fruit trees are treated before flowering, a week after it and 20 days before harvesting;
- we start spraying from above; we carry out processing on all site;
- try to cover the top and bottom of the sheet;
- do not forget to protect yourself with a mask, goggles and at the end of the procedure, thoroughly wash your hands;
- fruits before the use also need to be washed;
-Remember that some chemicals are very aggressive and are capable of causing harm to the tree, and therefore it is better to test by processing one branch, look at the reaction, and only then spray the whole tree.
In addition to parasites, garden trees pesters all sorts diseases. Thus, the appearance on the leaves of a large number of gray spots with dark edges indicates a disease such as septoriosis. It occurs less often than scab, but it is possible. A scab is perhaps the most common disease among fruit trees. And although the pear variety of Chizhovskaya is quite resistant to it, there are cases of defeat, of course.
In the fight against these diseases, too helps sprayingconducted in three stages. More often for this purpose they use copper sulphate, Bordeaux liquid, and among less aggressive ones - a salt solution (10 liters of water. 1 kg of salt). There are also many popular ways of dealing with pests and diseases of fruit trees. With success use infusions of tansy and bitter wormwood.
We hope that our article will help you to learn something new and useful for yourself, and soon your garden will be decorated with such a wonderful tree as the Chizhov pear.
