True grape lovers always want to grow the best varieties throughout the site. At the same time, the evaluation criteria can be the most diverse: the shape of the bunch, the taste of the berries, the volume of the crop, and the sustainability of the bush. But another important criterion to which true gourmets pay attention is the presence of seeds in the berries.
Indeed, very often, large quantities of large seeds can significantly spoil the overall impression of the grapes. One of the very good varieties of seedless grapes is Jupiter, to which all the material presented below will be devoted.
We talk about all the advantages and disadvantages of grapes "Jupiter"
This grape variety was introduced to our continent from America, where it was bred by breeding. His parental forms are not known. However, the variety is considered one of the best seedless, both in terms of fruit quality and sustainability. It is very appreciated that the purpose of the grape "Jupiter" has a universal one: it is perfectly suitable for fresh consumption, preparation of wines and dried fruits.
Descriptive characteristics of the bunch of varieties "Jupiter"
If you were expecting huge and heavy grapes, then this variety cannot boast of large size. His clusters are average, weighing from 200 to 500 grams. The shape is usually found cylindrical. The berries on the bunch are not placed tightly, because of which they have a moderately dense structure.
Special attention deserve berries of this grape. they are formed fairly large, about 4-7 grams in weight. The shape of the berries are oval. But it is especially interesting to observe the process of their ripening: at the beginning, their skin becomes red or deeply pink in color, which at the time of full ripening turns dark blue.
This is very convenient for determining the timing of the harvest from the bush. But you should also pay attention to the taste of grapes "Jupiter", which are characterized by harmony and a wonderful muscat flavor.
In addition, they are very sweet, since the percentage of sugar accumulation of fruits of the described grade is 21 grams per 1 liter of pulp (with acidity indicators of 5-6 grams per volume). The flesh is fleshy, with a high content of juice, covered with a strong skin. Thanks to her, the berries are not only well transported, but also have a good resistance to cracking during sudden changes in air humidity and soil.
Features of grape yield and the time of its collection
The first harvest of the grapevine "Jupiter" begins to delight from 2-3 years after planting. The shrub develops to a medium size. Thanks to good pollination, the ovary is formed well, on one shoot from 2 to 3 clusters. For the reason that even during ripening the weight of the grapes does not exceed 0.5 kilogram, rationing the amount of the crop is not necessary.
The bush with ease transfers loading even to 40 peepholes. Due to all this, the variety is deservedly bears the title of high-yielding.
From one hectare of plantings of grapes of the described variety, it is stable to collect from 200 to 250 centners of high-quality fruits.
Many deservedly prefer this variety for early ripening of the crop. From the moment the buds bloom on the vine until the berries fully mature, it takes only 105-110 days. Thus, it is possible to begin harvesting already in the first days of August, as the dark blue color of the berries will naturally indicate.
Briefly about the benefits of the grape variety "Jupiter"
• Absence of seeds in the berries, making their taste even more tender and rich. The classlessness І and ІІ is very rare, but in the berries there are small rudiments.
• High yield varieties and good presentation of its fruits.
• Good suitability for transportation and cracking, without a crop without any problems tolerates changes in humidity.
• Excellent rooting cuttings, which greatly facilitates its reproduction.
• One of the most resistant varieties that can easily tolerate winter frosts down to -25-27ºС.
• The early variety is not only in terms of ripening of the crop, but also in the entry of the grape bush during the fruiting period.
Cons varieties that every winegrower should know about
Despite the attractiveness of the grape "Jupiter", it repels many medium resistance to the most common fungal diseases of vineyards: mildew, oidium, gray rot. In this regard, the grape bush of this variety necessarily requires annual preventive spraying. In order to achieve 100% protection, spraying is usually carried out at least 3 times in one season.
Another drawback, which unfortunately can not be eliminated, is the small size of the clusters. Many consider this a significant disadvantage, not taking into account the fact that due to the large number of clusters, the harvest still remains quite high.
We get acquainted with the reproduction features of the Jupiter grapes: we choose the method and time for planting
Grapes can be propagated in many ways. Each of them has its pros and cons, although it is impossible to determine which one is better. In particular, grapes propagate:
• With rooted or grafted seedlings.
• The method of grafting cuttings on a stock with a large supply of perennial wood and a well-developed root system.
• Thanks to the elbows from the adult fruiting shrub.
In the first variant, the advantage is that the new bush will inherit all the varietal qualities that it may lose when grafting on a different stock. Although in case you want to grow a vigorous shrub of the Jupiter variety, it will be very easy to achieve this when grafting. The best compatibility with the described variety with rootstocks of grapes "Kober 5BB", "C04" and "Berlandieri X Riparia".
It is easiest to propagate this variety by tapping; however, for this, an adult and fruiting shrub of this variety is required.
We select the correct time and dates for planting grapes "Jupiter"
This crop has been planted since the end of March and almost to the very first of these autumn frosts. Everything will depend on what method of planting you decided to propagate the grape you like.
It is also interesting to read about the cultivation of grapes from the stone
In the spring, seedlings grown from cuttings in ordinary pots are usually planted as a houseplant, and grafts are also grafted to the rootstocks. However, the first should be planted at a later time, closer to the summer or even in the first half of June. After all, such seedlings already have green shoots with leaves that can be affected by spring frosts.
But planting or planting autumn seedlings is best from the earliest spring, but already after the more or less stable weather has been established. In any case, for the time being, until only a planted bush will adapt to growth in a new place, it must be covered. An ordinary cardboard box with a special hole for the top is used for this.
But still, many prefer the autumn as planting seedlings and grafting. The fact is that the autumn planting has the following advantages:
• In the autumn there is much more choice of seedlings grown and sold in special nurseries.
• It is the fall of the harvesting of the planting materials of the grapes, that is, cuttings. Also, exactly Inoculation is best done during a time of tranquility as a cutting and stock.
• Unlike spring soil, in the fall it is much more saturated with moisture, so only planted grapes will not be watered as often as spring.
• Autumn planting, in fact, involves only storing planting material until spring and is more efficient than sanding the cuttings and saplings for the winter.
In which place it is more efficient to grow grapes: we discuss the features of the relief, the soil, and the scheme for laying the vineyard
First of all, it is very important to choose such a place for planting grapes where the bush will be well protected by it through the northern winds. Also, the terrain in no case should not allow stagnation of cold air masses, which can very negatively be displayed on the growth of the bush itself and on its fruiting.
Professional growers recommend planting grape bushes from the south or south-west side of houses or other household structures, so that the plant has protection not only from the winds, but also it constantly receives a lot of sunlight. After all, do not forget that grapes are among the most sun-loving plants, and especially its fruits need sun heat.
Regarding the terrain, it is necessary to select the terrain on higher ground, in no case should it be ridges or valleys. Indeed, in such lowlands usually cold air masses can stagnate.
With regard to the characteristics of the soil, in general, the grapes can not be called fastidious plant. After all, it is often grown in the southern countries, on the mountain slopes, where it is not always possible to find fertile soil. But still, you need to take into account the fact that in too dry or too marshy soils, it will not grow either.
Therefore, if the soil on your site is not quite suitable for gardening, it is worthwhile to work a little and feed it well: for a year or two, the whole site can be kept under a black steam and constantly add large amounts of fertilizer to it. It is also important to take into account the level of groundwater in your area, and if they rise above 1.5 meters - be sure to prepare the drainage system before planting the grapes.
Well, another important question - how to plant a vineyard? At what distance from each other to plant grapes? Everything will depend on how strong your grape variety is. For bushes with an average power of growth, which is just characteristic of the grape "Jupiter", retreat should be from 2 to 4 meters.
This space is quite simply able to take an adult fruiting shrub. For vigorous bushes indentation should be done about 6 meters. It is also worth considering that if you plant grapes near the basement of the house, you need to retreat from it at least 0.7 meters.
Fundamentals of successful cultivation of the vine: the correct planting of a seedling
Planting a grape sapling is not a complicated process, but it is a bit stretched in time. The fact is that it is very important to prepare a pit for planting prematurely: you need to make enough fertilizer for the first years of grape growth. At the same time, by the time of planting, all these fertilizers should settle in the pit, so that the seedling itself will not fall into the pit later.
The main rule of planting a grape seedling, and any other garden crops and trees, is not to bury the root collar under the ground - it should always remain above its surface.
In the pit, the depth of which should be about 0.8-1 meters and the same width, the following "ingredients" are laid:
• A layer of rubble - about 5 centimeters.
• A layer of fertile soil is about 10 centimeters.
• Layer of humus - we fall asleep about 2-3 buckets.
• A layer of fertile soil is again about 10 centimeters.
All these layers, except rubble, need as much as possible to mix and cover with another layer of soil that would separate the seedlings and fertilizers. Next, we wait for 2-3 weeks (or, if you are preparing a hole in the fall, spring) and make a direct landing. But before that, a few words about the choice of a sapling and its preparation.
A good and high-quality seedling must have a white root system. Its cut should be green, otherwise the seedling will be already dried. Before planting, it is very important to hold the seedling in water for several days, due to which it is fed with the necessary amount of moisture, which, in turn, will contribute to rooting.
Planting a grape seedling consists in the fact that you lower it into a hole d of the level of the root collar (it is better to raise it a little above the soil) and very carefully bury the hole. In order for the soil to lie more tightly and there are no “gaps” with air near the roots, in the middle of this process you can pour a bucket of water into the pit, and only after that fill it up completely. After planting near the seedling, on the north side, you need to drive in a support, and pour the soil around it abundantly and cover with mulch.
Plant grapes cuttings to the stock with a large stock of matured wood
This method of propagating grapes also requires preparation. The first step is to prepare cuttings, for which 2-3 holes will be sufficient. The upper part of the cutting cut off on both sides, making a wedge. Also, before inoculation, it must also be dipped in water, and also treated with a special root-forming solution - “Humate”. Experts recommend paraffin the upper part of the cutting - this will help retain moisture in the cutting for a longer time.
To prepare a stock, first remove the old bush. This should be done carefully, leaving only a flat cut and 10 centimeters penechki. Further, the surface of the rootstock should be very carefully cleaned, making it absolutely smooth. Exactly in its middle there is a shallow split, capable of placing a cutting in itself (or, if the stock is very wide, several cuttings).
Further, the cutting is placed in the split, the stock is tightly tightened, covered with wet clay. All other actions are the same as when planting a sapling.
Features care for grapes "Jupiter"
• Grapes must be watered before flowering and during the formation of peas on the inflorescences. Also, it is necessary to feed it with moisture during droughts.
• After watering the soil around the vine, be sure to cover with mulch of 3 centimeters. It is best to use blackened sawdust or moss for this, humus is less suitable for this purpose, but it is also often used.
• In winter, young grapes need to be covered. To do this, a tub without a bottom is installed above the seedling and it is completely covered with sand, making a 10 centimeters hill above its top. adult bushes of this variety practically do not require hiding.
• Every autumn the vine must be cut. Each shoot of Jupiter grapes is shortened by about 6-8 eyes.
• Feeding the grape bush should also be carried out regularly, which will help increase its fruitfulness. Organic substances and minerals (potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen) are used as fertilizers.
• To protect the bush from possible damage by pests and diseases, it should be sprayed regularly 3 times per season: 2 times before flowering and once after. You can use drugs such as Bordeaux Liquid, Thanos, or other fungicides.
