Grapes - a very decorative, but also a fertile plant. But, unfortunately, it can not be attributed to unpretentious. In order to create a good vineyard, you need to spend a lot of time and effort, and success in growing it comes with experience. Before you start breeding this complex plant, it is necessary to study all the nuances of agricultural engineering, and spring care for it is an important component of the process. Let's see what is the painstaking work in the vineyard in the spring.
Remove the shelter
Shelter grapes can be removed only when the average daily temperature does not fall below 5 degrees Celsius. In this case, the rush is absolutely useless - if you are not sure of the weather conditions, you can free the shrub from the shelter by gradually opening it up.
Premature removal of frost protection can trigger early kidney development, which is highly undesirable. You can determine whether the grapes are ready for the final removal of the shelter by the vine: if shoots appeared on it, and not just buds, the time has come.
Watering
Immediately after removing the cover, it is very important to provide the plant with watering with warm water - this is necessary in order to warm the soil and wake up the roots.
To further watering should be approached with caution - the grapes do not belong to moisture-loving plants, and excessive moisture can only harm it. Therefore, water procedures should be carried out only in a very dry and hot spring, when the soil around the bush dries.
Important! Abundant watering can lead to slower spring grape growth. Due to the evaporation of the liquid, the temperature around the plant will decrease and it will not grow as well.
It is best to wait with watering until flowering. And if you resort to it, then in no case should not use cold water from wells and wells. Watering the grapes can only be defended by the water of the sun.
The main rule that should be remembered is that the long roots of a plant are capable of extracting moisture from the maximum depth of the soil, and it is better not to water the plant enough than to fill it with water. With how to water the grapes in the spring, we figured out, let's move on to further manipulations. 
Fertilization
Regular feeding - a prerequisite for plant breeding. Both mineral and organic fertilizers are suitable for it. Of the minerals for the harmonious development of the shrub, zinc, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are required.
All of them affect the growth of plants help to develop better and bear fruit. It is better to bring them into the ground in May, maximum at the beginning of June, it is necessary before flowering. If you make a mineral fertilizer later, the substances may fall into the berries, and this is undesirable.
What else can be fed to the grapes in the spring after the opening, so as not to harm the crop? The answer is simple: it is very effective to use organic matter for feeding the grapes, that is, manure and compost. These natural substances will help the plant to get stronger and without harm to future berries, to accelerate their appearance and size.
Did you know? If you sow ordinary parsley between the bushes of grapes, you can prevent the appearance of some pests and diseases.
Spring pruning
After the opening of the shrub necessarily need to pruning. This procedure, if properly performed, will ensure a good harvest and proper development of the vine, and can even affect the taste of the berries. The use of this agricultural technology will also facilitate the subsequent shelter of grapes.
All cuts should be made on the inside of the bush, it is a prerequisite for proper pruning. At the knots, at least 4 buds are left, and 12-14 buds on the fruit arrow, in order to form large dense clusters of grapes in the future.
The slices should be smooth and neat, so as not to disturb the movement of the juice in the vine. All damaged shoots should be cut, while trying to keep the wounds that are formed at the site of the cut from touching. 
Important! Be sure to remove all young basal shoots, as they will delay the useful substances themselves, and slow down the development of the shrub.
Stop Crying Vines
"Crying Vines" is the extraction of juice or sap from wounds left after pruning. This process with moderate juicing is considered absolutely normal and indicates good metabolic processes in the vine and the health of the shrub.
The amount of liquid released corresponds to the size of the plant and can vary from 300 ml to 2 liters. Prolonged and abundant juice flow dehydrates and impoverishes the soil, therefore this process must be kept under control.
To stop the release of the poppies, 5-10 g of complex top dressing, not mineral, is introduced into the soil around the shrub. Then the ground should be carefully loosened and water the plant. Even if early and later varieties grow on one plot, fertilizer is applied under all shrubs simultaneously. 
Preventive treatment
The important role played by the processing of grapes in the spring from diseases and pests.
To avoid infecting grapes with such an unpleasant disease like mildew, it is necessary to tie up the vine immediately after the shelter has been removed, so that the stems and leaves are less in contact with the ground and are not saturated with excess moisture.
Further, the soil should be disinfected. For spraying the soil around the grapes from diseases in the spring using "Ridomil Gold", a solution of Bordeaux liquid, "Zineb" and iron sulfate.
When using Bordeaux mixture, it is necessary to take into account that it is very toxic, and harmful substances can have a negative effect on the plant and future berries. Ridomil Gold is considered the most popular, it is very effective and at the same time not so toxic.
With the help of iron vitriol protection against frost is created, for example, with early opening of the grapes. When spraying a plant, special attention should be paid to the lower part of the shrub, since it is the root part that is more vulnerable to diseases and pests. 
Did you know? If you calculate the area of vineyards across the planet, it turns out that over 80 thousand square meters. km planted with this shrub. Most berries are grown in France, Spain and Italy.
We found out what procedures should be carried out in the spring and what to do with grapes to prevent the appearance of diseases and pests. The main thing in the cultivation of the shrub is the timely, step-by-step execution of manipulations that will help to increase the yield and improve the taste of the berries.
