Motoblock or mini-tractor can become an indispensable assistant to any small farmer on his land plot. It does not require a lot of fuel, takes up minimal space, is easy to operate, and solves a number of important tasks, one of which is plowing the land.
Mini, medium or heavy?
In order for tillage with a plow (tiller) to be effective, it is necessary to choose the right equipment. When choosing a walker, you must take into account, firstly, the area of land that will be processed with its help, and, secondly, the tasks that it must perform.
There are three types of tillers:
- lungs (mini);
- medium;
- heavy.
We advise you to familiarize yourself with the technical characteristics of the Neva MB 2, Salyut 100, Zubr JR-Q12E motoblocks.
Consider the main advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
Mini, or light tillers
Used to work on small plots of land, they are also called motor-cultivators. Engine power of these devices - up to 4.5 horsepower.
Among the advantages of motor cultivators are:
- lightness (weight does not exceed 40 kg);
- low price (from 6000 UAH.);
- the ability to handle hard to reach places due to the small capture of the cutter.
However, light tillers work for a short time, as they have an insufficiently powerful engine that quickly overheats and does not bury well in the ground due to insufficient weight.
Important! In the cultivators attachment of additional equipment, including the plow, is not provided.
Medium tillers
In contrast to the lungs, they boast the presence of rear-wheel drive and are excellent for working on large areas (up to 0.5 hectares). Weight varies from 45 to 65 kg, the cost of such equipment, on average, is 10 000-12 000 UAH. Engine power - 4.5-12 liters. with. On many models of medium motoblocks you can attach additional equipment.
Main advantages:
- front headlight and two gears;
- the ability to attach a plow;
- in comparison with heavy equipment of this type, medium tillers are more mobile, it is easier to turn.
Among the weak points of monoblocks of this class, they allocate a depth of processing up to 11 cm, which is insufficient for many cultures.
Heavy tillers
They are suitable for professional cultivation of land in areas with an area of more than 0.5 hectares, since they have engine power from 12 to 30 liters. with. and many super complete features. The cost of heavy tillers is at least 12 000 UAH. The possibility of mounting a potato digger, trailer or plow is one of main advantages power tillers of this type. They break through the soil easily and overcome the site many times faster than motor-cultivators.
Heavy tillers have additional options: the ability to control the pneumatic wheel and steering (higher-below), reverse. Noticeable flaws - cumbersome, and therefore a lot of effort must be applied in order to turn the equipment; the need for reinforcement, since at high load the breaker or handlebar knob may break.
Learn how to equip your motoblock with a mower, potato planter, potato digger.
Preparation tiller
Having determined that medium and heavy types of this equipment are suitable for plowing the earth with a walk-behind tractor with the use of a mounted plow, let us figure out how to prepare the walk-behind tractor for operation. 
Installation of soil hooks
First, you need to install ground hooks with a diameter of not less than 50 cm, and a width of 18 cm. Before preparing the insert axles, place the equipment on a surface where it will stand exactly. Then, on extended axles instead of wheels with tires, install wheels with hooks for the ground. After installing the hooks, you can proceed to hanging the plow on the walking tractor.
Did you know? Initially, farmers loosened the ground with their hands, later with sticks, and only in the 4th millennium BC the plow was invented, which until the middle of the last century all over the world symbolized the beginning of a new life and was an emblem of agriculture.
Plow attachment and adjustment
Plows are attached to the walker. couplers, different types of which have their own properties. Therefore, before installing it on a tiller's motoblock, it is necessary to carry out work on fastening it with the hitch. It should be fixed with one pin, while maintaining the backlash in the horizontal plane (5-6 °). Fixing the coupling with two pivots or removing the play, you can get a rigid connection, which is an error.
Important! If the coupling does not have any play, then when the recessed plow moves forward and a resistance force from the ground acts on it, not only the coupling plow, but the whole tiller will be deflected to the side, which will significantly complicate the work.
Next you need attach plow to hitchwithout tightening the fastening nuts all the way down to begin adjusting the plowman. This operation is best done with an assistant. When the attachment is attached, you can proceed to adjusting the plow on the engine block. Adjusting a plowman is more difficult than attaching it to an aggregate, but this process is very important, because if you erroneously adjust the plow, you will need to put more effort into plowing and it will not be of high quality. In order to adjust the baking powder on the motoblock, with the help of stands it is necessary balance the plowing instrument with the plow. To do this, on identical wooden stands, the height of which depends on the desired depth of plowing the earth, we put ground hooks and support leg of the motoblock. This should be done so that the walker does not outweigh the side attachments.
The next step is to adjust the bolts, tilt the plow bed in such a way that his heel is parallel to the ground. After that, it is necessary to remove all the supports and adjust the carrier so that the arms are on the same level with the belt of the worker plowing the soil. Thus, the hands do not get tired for a long time while working with the unit.
Final stage - plowing plane level stabilization. The angle between the sharp end of the plow and the earth's surface can be adjusted by moving the bolted connections or by using an adjusting screw. The second method is more convenient and practical. To do this, on the motoblock, standing on a plane together with an attached scoop, it is necessary to unscrew the adjusting screw so that the attachment blade “lies” on the ground. 
Then - unscrew the screw in the opposite direction, so that the "back" of the plow rose 2.5 seconds. above the ground, no more and no less. If this so-called angle of attack is too large or vice versa, the walk-behind tractor will not plow as it should.
Important! From the choice of the plow depends directly on whether it will be possible to plow the soil. When buying attachments, it is necessary to take into account the fact that its size is due to the weight of the motoblock (for an aggregate whose weight is about 100 kg, a plow is suitable, the grip is 23 cm, the grip of the plow for machines whose weight is not higher than 75 kg should be 18 cm).
Plowing a plot
It’s easy to figure out how to plow a walker with a plow. To do this, roll out the device to the place of plowing the earth and along the first row where loosening will occur, pull the cord to which you can orient yourself — the plow pulls to the right, and making the first row smooth without aids is quite difficult.
The handle of the equipment should be turned to the left in order to go on a land that has not yet been plowed. Before starting the main plowing, it is necessary to make a control plowing of the soil - a passage to the opposite end of the section at a low speed.
This is necessary in order to check whether the tiller is properly adjusted and whether the furrow depth is sufficient (it should be 15-20 cm). We place the right lug in the tilled furrow, turn on the first gear, tilt the device to the right and start moving. Having made the first control passage, we turn the device through 180 ° so that the right wheel of the motor-block is in the opposite direction to the row that has already been plowed, and move in the opposite direction. After the second pass, we estimate the depth of the furrow. If the depth is insufficient or the furrow is too deep, the plow should be adjusted again.
Plowing the land, it is necessary to ensure that right grouser did not go beyond the furrow and the rack of the plowman was perpendicular to the surface of the earth. The crest of each subsequent furrow should not be far from the previous one (the distance between the ridges is up to 10 cm).
It is also important to ensure that the furrow does not fall on the previous furrow by the pile of earth. To do this, the right wheel should move in the middle. If you figure out how to plow a plow on a motor-block, to correctly adjust it, the device should move smoothly, without jerks and traction to the side. 
Over time, when you make sure that the furrows are even, the speed can be increased so that the smooth surface of the earth is even and the plowing itself goes faster.
Plowing up the ground by a walk-behind tractor should be done slowly, you cannot push the device. In the event of overheating of the engine, which often happens, plowing should be stopped for a while.
Did you know? The fertile layer (humus) cannot be restored. As a result of plowing, the level of oxygen in the deep layers of the soil rises, causing humus to be mineralized. This is the reason that in the early years plowed soils yield great yields. However, it is the process of mineralization of the fertile layer that leads to a reduction in its quantity, which can have bad consequences for humanity.
Thus, we found that it is better to use medium and heavy tillers for hanging the plow and plowing the ground with it. The plow is attached to the minitractor with the help of couplers, after which it is necessary to adjust it (depth, handle, level of the plowing plane). Correct adjustment is the key to effective plowing. Plowing the land, it is necessary to monitor the depth of furrows, engine temperature, the position of the wheels of the motoblock.
