Growing cherries in our country is becoming increasingly popular. Among the existing varieties, universal varieties such as cherry Podbelskaya.
It is valued for the ease of care, good yields, as well as excellent taste. A full description of the Podbelskaya cherry variety, a brief history of selection, photos and much more further in the article.
Breeding history and breeding region
The variety was obtained in the 19th century in Germany by crossing the variety Lot and Griot Ostheim. The author Podbelskoy is German botanist and breeder Karl Kohh.
The new variety successfully passed the tests, was zoned in 1947, was included in the register of North Caucasus region. In the literature there are other names Podbelskoy: Minister Podbelsky, Kohova.
For cultivation in this region are well suited and such varieties Black Large, Minx and Toy.
Appearance of cherry Podbelskaya
Cherry Podbelskaya has its individual traits and qualities that will distinguish it from other varieties.
Tree
Podbelskaya represents bushy tall tree, reaching 5 meters in height. The young tree is endowed with a rounded, dense, densely leafy crown. Over time, the shape becomes flatter.
The bark is fairly smooth, with longitudinal cracks, brown with an ashy tone.
The branches are skeletal, large, brown, moving away from the trunk at an angle of 65-70 °. Shoots are directed upwards, and with the appearance of fruits on them bend.
The leaves are large and medium in size (up to 12 cm in length and 6 cm in width), broadly oval, bipedulate along the edges, dull, green, shaggy and lighter below. Small scape.
Fruit
The Cherry variety Podbelskaya differs in plentiful, fragrant blossoming. The flowers are large, 3-4 in each inflorescence. Petals are rounded.
Berries are large, up to 6 grams each, flat-rounded shape. Color burgundy, almost black.
The flesh is juicy, fibrous, dark red. Saturated sweet-sour taste. Juice is dark red. From this variety will make excellent homemade drinks (juices, compotes).
| Composition | amount |
|---|---|
| Dry matter | 16-17% |
| Sahara | 10% |
| Free acid | 1.3-1.5 mg. |
An interesting fact is that the content of ascorbic acid may vary depending on the growing region. In the gardens The lower Volga region ascorbic acid content is 7-18 mg per 100 grams, and in the Krasnodar Territory, the figures are slightly lower and constitute only 9-10 mg.
The stone is small, round, light brown, well separated from the pulp.
A photo
Characteristics of a variety
Consider the main characteristics of Podbelskoy.
Podbelskaya refers to an early variety in terms of flowering and early-average in terms of ripening berries. In the server areas of the Caucasus harvest ripens around June 16-18and in the gardens of the Lower Volga in early July. The maturation of the crop may vary slightly depending on the place of cultivation.
The variety is self-infertile, needs pollination.
Zhukovskaya, Malinovka and Turgenevka belong to the self-infertile varieties.
Good cherry pollinators for the Podbelskaya variety are: Lot, May Duke, Griot Ostheim, English Early, Anadolskaya.
The tree is very sensitive to frost, poorly resistant to frost.
Generative buds often freeze over during the frosty, snowy winters. Flowers and buds can freeze during the spring night frosts.
Grafted shrubs come into fruition only 5 years after planting.
Indicators of the first yields are insignificant. With age, they increase and by the age of 12-15 the tree bears fruit very abundantly. On average, a tree 12-14 years old can be collected 30-40 kg of berries. The highest yields were recorded in the Crimea: up to 70-76 kg from a bush.
Such varieties as the Memory of Enikeeva, Rovesnitsa, Zhivitsa and Kharitonovskaya demonstrate high yields.
Planting and care
It is not difficult to care for cherries, but growing requires responsible approach, regular care and attention.
How to plant a cherry.
In the central, middle lane, it is better to plant cherry trees in spring. In our lane, the first cold weather comes early, so in the fall the sapling may not have time to take root well and adapt.
If the seedlings were harvested in the fall, they need to prikopat until spring.
If you are going to plant several fruit trees, the distance between the seedlings should not be less than two meters apart in a row, and between rows not less than 2.5 meters.
Pay attention to the groundwater level. If it is more than 1.5-2 meters, you need to make an additional earthen mound. Do not plant cherries in the valley to avoid stagnation of water in the soil and freezing of fruit buds.
A deep groove is excavated for planting (approximately 50 by 50 cm). The excavated earth is mixed with humus, add 30 grams of superphosphate, 20 grams of potassium chloride and 1 kg of wood ash. Pay attention to the composition of the soil. If it is heavy and clayey, add a bucket of sand.
A seedling is placed in a hole, covered with prepared soil and poured over two buckets of water. The root neck after landing should be at ground level.
Before planting, be sure to inspect the roots of the seedling. Damaged parts must be carefully removed. After planting, it is recommended to make mulching around the seedling. Suitable as mulch: compost, sawdust, humus.
Proper care of cherries.
The volume of water on 1 tree is about 3 liters. You can increase watering during flowering, ovary, after the leaves fall.
The first fertilizer must be applied immediately during planting. After that, 2.3 years is not necessary to feed.
During fruiting, the tree is very responsive to potash, phosphorus and nitrogen supplements. Fertilizers are applied twice per season: immediately after flowering the first and after 2 weeks of the second.
It is necessary to care for the soil around the tree, especially in the first years of life. From time to time you need to loosen the soil, remove weeds, collect fallen leaves. In autumn, the ground around the bush digging. Spring limited to surface loosening.
Cherry Podbelskaya needs annual pruning. In the spring it is necessary to cut dried, damaged, broken branches. It is also necessary to remove the old dried bark. The young bush needs shaping pruning, so that the crown will gradually acquire the correct, beautiful shape. Formative pruning begins at one-year age.
Diseases and pests
Podbelskaya characterized moderately resistant to fungal diseases (including coccomycosis), well protected from chlorosis. The gardener must take a series of preventive measures to protect the cherry pests.
Good resistance to fungal diseases demonstrate Morozovka, Dessert Morozova and Zhukovskaya.
Prophylactic treatment is carried out in the spring. The tree at this time is particularly vulnerable to diseases, so you need to carefully monitor and care for it.
To prevent infection, you need to hold chemical treatment of Bordeaux mixture and azophos.
In the spring it is recommended to whitewash the trunk of the tree and do the wound fixation. Wounds are treated a solution of copper sulphate, and paint over the top.This will serve as a good protection against pests.
Do not forget to loosen the ground thoroughly in the spring, but rather dig it up. It is also a good prevention against pests.
Variety Podbelskaya long fallen in love with many gardeners. They prefer to grow it because of not difficult care, taste of berries, versatility.
Fruits can be eaten fresh, collected for sale, as well as for preparing delicious homemade dishes (juices, stewed fruit, preserves, desserts). The gardener needs to pay attention to poor frost resistance, take care of preventive measures against pests and diseases.
