WE GROW GRAPES IN THE MOSCOW REGION: SELECTION OF VARIETIES, INSTRUCTIONS ON THE TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTING

Grapes have long ceased to be exotic even for residents of the Central and Northern region.

After all, even with a short summer period, it is possible to pick up not only varieties with a fast ripening period, but also with very good taste.

At the same time, each region has its own peculiarities of agronomy.

For example, when growing grapes in the Moscow region, attention should be paid to very significant benefits: in such conditions, many diseases of the vineyards do not manifest themselves, and pests are not so active.

Thus, the Moscow region grapes are much easier to grow, especially since you can pick up an extraordinary variety.

Grapes for the Moscow region: varieties and their characteristics

Below we will try to consider as much as possible different varieties of grapes that are ideal for growing in the suburbs. All of them have early terms of ripening, which guarantees the possibility of good ripening of berries, even when the weather conditions are not entirely varnish.

We present to your attention pink, green and blue grapes, which have different indicators of taste and yield characteristics.

The variety of pink grapes "Kishmish Radiant" - a giant of the Moscow region

The parent pair of this variety is the Kishmish Rosovy grapes, crossed with the Cardinal variety.
Whimsical to care, but high-yielding variety.

This variety is almost perfect for the conditions of the Moscow region, so with good care, even one grape the bush can please with abundant crops. The mass of clusters that form on an average or strong-growing bush, on average, reaches a figure of 0.6 kilograms, although it can easily reach 1 kilogram.

Berries of nutmeg taste, small in size (2.4-2.2 centimeters) and weight (up to 4 grams). Approximately 70% of the shoots of the Kishmish Radiant bush are fruitful.

Ripen berries of this variety are early or medium, approximately 120-130 days from the beginning of the bush's entry into the growing season. By removal of the entire crop, they usually start off on September 1, although the first ripened clusters can be removed in mid-August. Thus, in the conditions of the Moscow region, the fruiting of this grape can be somewhat stretched.

What grape "Kishmish Radiant" is valued for: the main advantages of the variety

Berries and bunches are very attractive, presentation.
Good pleasant musky taste, juicy and crisp pulp of berries.
Good aging of the shoots.
On one shoot can be formed from one to two clusters.
Crop can be well transported, while it is not damaged.
The variety is marked by a good keeping of berries.

Despite all the benefits of the harvest of this grape variety, it has several disadvantages, for which reason considered very moody.

Very afraid of frost, transfers only the temperature of -15ºС.
Covering the bush is not only in winter, but also during the spring frosts, because they can also greatly harm the grapes.
Very demanding to care, especially pruning and the formation of the bush.
With a lack of nutrients, a large excess of moisture reduced taste of grapes.

Early ripe grapes for the Moscow region varieties "Tason"

The result of the selection of Russian scientists who used such a parent couple, as the grapes "Italy" and "Zorevoy".
Table variety with a large number of positive qualities.

Thanks to a strong-growing bush of this variety harvests he brings big enough. The average mass of one bunch is 0.5-0.6 kilograms, although some can weigh 1.2 kilograms. Beautiful berries, painted in white-pink color, also have large sizes - 2.5 x1.8 centimeters.

The variety is very easily propagated by cuttings. Good yields are also provided by a high rate of the number of fruitful shoots - about 55%.

This variety can easily be attributed to even the earliest, since the growing season of their bush lasts only from 100 to 110 days. Thus, even in the suburbs to start collecting the ripened grapes "Tason" can be in the first half of August.

The maturity of the berries will be indicated by the outer color and a pleasant nutmeg taste with good sweetness (the sugar content of the fruit is 21%).

What are the advantages of grapes "Tason"?

The fruits of this grape have excellent taste and commodity appearance of both berries and grapes.
The harvest is good and easy to transport.
The coefficient of fruiting in this class is equal to 1.1.
It has good resistance to low winter temperatures and is not damaged by frost at -23 ºС.
Practically not affected by such diseases of vineyards as mildew and flour dew, since the bush's crop ripens early. Resistant to gray rot.

The main disadvantage of the grape bush "Tason" consider it not high resistance to fungal diseases. As a result, it requires regular treatments with pesticides. Indeed, despite the fact that diseases can not threaten the harvest, but the affected bush will not be able to please good grapes next year.

It is also interesting to read about the varieties of pink grapes.

Features of the early grape "Crystal"

The variety is the result of a difficult selection of grapes "Vilar Blanc", which was crossed with a combination of Amursky and Challotsi Lajos grape varieties.
"Crystal" refers to the technical varieties, that is, intended for winemaking.

This variety is considered to be high-yielding, although the size of its clusters is medium. The mass of one bunch is usually 170 or 200 grams.. Berries, respectively, are also small - only about 2 grams. But despite this, with an average force of growth of a bush, it can easily be loaded with 60 eyes. Thus, getting small clusters, you get a large number of them.

This grape variety is also refers to the earliest. The usual terms of ripening his crop come after 110-115 days from the moment of the vine blooming. Under the conditions of the Moscow region, this period may be slightly delayed for 5-10 days, but, in general, the grapes ripen very well and qualitatively.

The maturity of the crop is indicated by the white or yellow-greenish color of the berries, as well as the prune (waxy) bloom and sweetness of the fruit.

Positive qualities of the variety:

The fruits of the grapes of this variety have a beautiful appearance and harmonious taste.
About 18% of the chemical composition of the "Crystal" berries is sugar.
Very fruitful variety, since the mail of 90% of the shoots of the vine is fruitful.
The coefficient of yield of grapes "Crystal" is 1.3.
The bush has extraordinary winter hardiness (up to -29ºС), which is a very significant quality for the Moscow region.
Not affected by gray mold.
An excellent grade for making dry wines.

disadvantages grape "Crystal", which will face a winegrower:

Grapes are often affected by fungal diseases, for which reason it requires prophylactic treatments of the bush.
It is impossible to allow the thickening of the canopy of the grape bush, as this will cause the shedding of the ovary and lower yields.
Indicators of acidity and sugar content of grapes of this variety can be reduced under the influence of weather conditions, which will reduce the suitability of grapes for making wine.

Large pink grapes for the Moscow region varieties "Rusven"

The variety was born through the interbreeding of a parent pair such as "R-66" and "Muscat de Saint-Valle".
Grapes with special taste for making fine wine.

The grapes described for this grape variety are characterized by large clusters: on average, their weight is 0.35-0.55 kilograms, although kilograms are also found. The dimensions and weight of the grapes of the "Rusven" grapes are also large - 2.3-2.2 centimeters with a weight of 6 grams.

With an indicator of the number of fruitful shoots of 75%, the fruitfulness coefficient of an average grape bush is from 1.1 to 1.5, which makes the variety high-yielding.

This grape is suitable for the suburbs for the reason that it is early. Harvest can be removed after 115 days from the time the bush enters the growing season.

Ripened berries become pink or pale-red, acquire unique sage and nutmeg notes of aroma.

The main advantages of growing varieties "Resven"

Large and tasty grapes for winemaking, containing in its composition about 20% of sugars.
The grade has high productivity and well gets accustomed when landing.
Grapes "Rustem" extremely resistant to low winter temperatures (up to -27 ºС).
It is noted its good resistance to fungal diseases characteristic of vineyards.
Dessert and table wines of excellent quality are made from this variety.

Difficulties of cultivating a variety: main disadvantages:

The crop is often affected by wasps and requires the necessary measures of protection against them.
When moistening irregularities berries crack.

Features of grapes "Agat Donskoy" when grown in the suburbs

The fruit of labor of Russian breeders who used the variety "Dawn of the North" and "Dolores" for crossing with the Russian Early grape.
Often found under the name "Vityaz".
It is a table grape variety, although amateurs often use it as a technical one.

Due to the strength of the bush of this grape variety, it able to give great harvests. Clusters usually form up to 600 grams, and berries - about 5 grams. At the same time, on one fruitful shoot they can tangle and mature well even 2-3 clusters. It is also worth noting that among all the shoots about 80% are usually fruitful.

Harvest of grapes "Agat Donskoy" pretty quickly. For the vegetative period of the bush is enough 120 days. Ripe berries reach sizes of about 2.2 x2, 4 centimeters and dark blue color. It is worth noting that the taste of this grape is simple, and in comparison with all previous varieties, somewhat acidic (the sugars in the fruits contain no more than 15%).

The advantages of the variety: what will surprise you this grape

The grapes are not quite capricious in their care; they have flowers of both sexes.
The appearance and taste of the Agat Donskoy grapes is good, the rating of tasters is 7.7.
It survives well when landing.
It tolerates frosts up to -26 ºС.
Damage to fungal diseases and other pests of the vineyards was not observed, although periodic spraying of the bush for the purpose of prevention is recommended.

Disadvantages "Agatha Donskoy": what you need to know, so as not to spoil the impression of the variety

High and abundant yields can often be the reason for reducing the quality and size of the berries, which is why the bush requires rationing.
Not very suitable for transportation.

How and at what time will the grapes properly be planted in the Moscow region?

If you decide to plant grapes on your plot for the first time, first of all you should know that you can carry out this process in two ways:

With the help of a sapling that is prepared in advance or bought. This option is often used when there is no stock and if the variety you need has poor compatibility with stocks.
With the help of a fresh stalk, which is planted on a grape stock, after removing the old bush. This type of planting of grapes has more advantages, because it allows you to grow a bush much faster and get crops.

When to plant grapes?

Best of all, this crop takes root in the spring, although it is optimal to plant the grapes in the fall, especially if you decide to plant a new variety with a cutting. In the conditions of the Moscow region, it is better to choose the spring, so that the grapes get better and survive the winter easier.

Planting grapes with varietal seedlings

For a seedling, a pit is digging into which fertilizer is pre-laid.

To plant grapes directly into fertilizer is impossible, you need to fill it with clean soil, and only then carefully prikopat seedling.

It is important to leave the root of the seedling above the surface and water the soil well.

Plant grapes cuttings on old wood

To instill well cuttinghis for prematurely need to cut (only the lower part, to form on it something like a wedge) and to steam. The stock itself needs to be cleaned thoroughly, removing all the bumps and dirt from the cut point of the bush. Further, the stem gently splits evenly in the middle and a cutting is placed in the split. Such an inoculation is firmly tightened to ensure a better survival rate of the cutting.

Grape care: how to level unstable weather conditions in the Moscow region?

It is very important to water the grapes, especially before flowering and during the formation of the crop. Also, it is very important to keep the soil moisture on the same level, so as not to cause cracking of the berries.
Grapes respond well to various kinds of fertilizing. The best mineral fertilizers for him are those that contain phosphates and potassium. It is important to cover the soil with mulch.
Without pruning a good harvest is difficult to achieve. It is important not only to shorten the shoots and sleeves, but also to form the bush itself. Some varieties require rationing of the crop, which allows to protect the bush from crop overload.
In spite of how stable or not the variety is before diseases and pests, it is imperative to carry out preventive spraying with herbicides. The minimum number of sprays per season is 2 times - before the flowering of the grape bush and after the completion of this process.