Finding the limits of human perfection is almost impossible. After all, we are constantly trying to make better not only ourselves, but everything that surrounds us.
Perhaps most of all goes to nature, which we have learned to control almost completely when it comes to plants.
Selection and hybridization have already touched almost all known "domesticated" crops, and especially grapes, the cultivation of which already numbers many thousands of years.
A very large number of modern hybrid forms of grapes belongs to the authorship of A.V. Burdako. About them will be discussed in this article.
We will also tell about the features of their reproduction and care.
Red-purple grape Burdaka "Vatican": varietal features
This grape is a very complex interspecific hybrid, to establish the parental form of which is almost impossible. One of the best grapes of Burdak, which he owes to the good fruiting of the bush and large grapes.
The brushes of this grape are not just beautiful and elegant, but also very large. Their weight can vary from 0.5 to 1.5 kilograms. At the same time, the bush can easily withstand such loads of the crop, which always fully ripens.
It is also worth paying attention to the berries of this variety, which are not inferior in size to the clusters.
The average parameters of a single berry are 2.5 x 3.2 centimeters, which indicates their elongated, slightly ovoid shape. Their weight, as for grapes, is also quite impressive: from 14 to 18 grams (although larger berries are also found with good care of the bush).
As for the appearance of the berries, you should also pay attention to the color of the skin. It has a rich red-purple hue at the berries of the Vatican variety, giving elegance not only to the berry, but also to the whole bunch.
In terms of taste, this hybrid form is quite harmonious, without various additional flavors and flavors, a simple grape rich taste.
The great advantage of the grapes described varieties are early ripening his grapes.
The growing season of the grape bush lasts only about 115 days, which allows us to start not only samples, but also full harvest by mid-August. At the same time, thanks to the vigorous bush, the bush yields are quite high.
The shoots of the Vatican grapes also ripen satisfactorily.
"Galitsyn" grapes - an early hybrid form of Burdak
This grape is a no less famous hybrid form of authorship Burdak. According to the characteristics of the bush and the characteristics of fruiting, the Galitsin grapes have much in common with the form described above, but it is very different in the characteristics of the fruit.
The clusters of this hybrid form are medium and large in size, but a rather large number forms on their bush. On average, their weight can range from 0.6 to 0.9 kilograms. At the same time, the density of the clusters is moderate, but due to the average size of the berries, they are quite abundantly formed on the bunch.
The mass of Galitsyn grapes can vary from 8 to 12 grams, while having a shape close to oval.
The external color of the berries of this variety is quite attractive, because their skin becomes yellow when ripe. In the sunlight, they become golden. Their taste is quite simple, but at the same time harmonious and rich. Pulp contains a large amount of juice.
The hybrid form of grape "Galitsyn" also belongs to the earliest. Its berries become yellow by the end of the first decade of August, when the clusters can already be removed from the bush.
Fruiting is generally quite abundant, especially if the bush was grown from a varietal seedling, and not grafted to the stock of another grape variety.
Bush in the described form of grapes has good growth power. With age, it produces a large number of shoots, most of which are fruitful.
Burdakovsky "Gordey" - superearly hybrid form of grapes
This hybrid form of grapes clearly stands out among all the others with its taste and ripening time. In modern viticulture, this form occupies a rather honorable place.
The great advantage of the described form is that absolutely all of its clusters are very large. Their weight can vary from 0.6 to 1.1 kilograms, even with normal care, without regular dressings.
The clusters have an elegant and regular conical shape, with a moderate density of the berries placed on them. Berries herewith also unusually large, their parameters are on average 3.8 to 2.4 centimeters. Their form is quite interesting, elongated. The mass of grapes "Gordey" can vary from 14 to 20 grams.
The large size of the berries makes them particularly attractive for eating, especially since they have a light aroma of nutmeg mixed with the usual grape flavor. This makes their taste simply unforgettable, especially in combination with tender and juicy pulp.
Complementing these wonderful qualities is the beautiful yellowish color of the skin of the berries.
This hybrid form refers not only to early, but to super early grape varieties. Therefore, one can begin to feast on its fruits starting from the first half of August, sometimes even in the first days of this month.
On average, the growing season of the bush lasts from 95 to 105 days. In addition, the strong-growing grapes bush "Gordey" is able to give a bountiful harvest of grapes, which will pleasantly surprise you.
It is also interesting to learn how to grow grapes from the stone.
Burbak "Dickson" hybrid form of grapes: features and differences
Little is also known about this hybrid form of grapes, especially as regards its parental forms. However, due to its qualities, it is becoming more and more popular. Special attention deserves due to its sustainability.
Especially large clusters on the bushes of this hybrid form of grapes are not found. Usually their mass does not exceed 1 kilogram, although less than 0.5 kilogram, they also practically do not occur (except on poorly pollinated brushes).
The number of berries on one cluster is quite abundant, the density of clusters is moderate. The berries have a beautiful finger shape and quite large sizes. On average, the weight of one berry can be from 17 to 20 grams. Due to this, the clusters have a very attractive presentation.
The taste qualities of the Dixon grapes are extremely harmonious. Their flesh is tender and juicy. The special attraction of the berries gives pink color of their skin. This grape is intended for table use in food, its technical characteristics are practically not studied.
The vigorous shrub rather fructifies very well, therefore pleases with abundant crops. The advantages of the variety include not only abundance, but also the stability of fruiting.
The crop matures closer to September, since this hybrid form has an early-average ripening period. In spite of this, the good endurance of the bush makes it possible to grow Dixon grapes in the middle climatic zone of Russia.
Grapes "Ferdinand" - one of the champions among the hybrid forms of Burdak
This hybrid form is not only a champion in the mass of clusters, but also in terms of ripening of the crop. Very good option for growing grapes in the garden, because it has good yields and simplicity in the care.
And the difference is that they not only have a beautiful appearance, for which he is grateful for the good leveled form, but also large mass. One and all, they weigh from 1 to 1.2 kilograms.
During those years, when studies were conducted on the characteristics of this variety, these characteristics of the clusters remained stable. Moreover, each bunch is hung with oval and similarly large berries, weighing from 12 to 15 grams.
Externally, the berries have a blue color and rather dense skin, which, however, is not felt when eating this grape in food. By the way, the taste of the fruit of the Ferdinand grape has an extraordinary harmony and tenderness. The purpose of this hybrid form of grapes is table.
Bushes of grapes "Ferdinand" develop to very large sizes, as they are characterized by strong growth. At the same time, their fruiting is rather abundant and is distinguished by stability. The harvest ripens early in the first half of August. The vegetation period of the bush lasts about 115 days.
The great advantage of the above-described hybrid forms of grapes is their novelty and sustainability. They all bear fruit very well, I have large clusters and berries. A special advantage is their taste, which has the usual grape notes that blend harmoniously with the pleasant flesh and their juiciness.
Another, perhaps most important, advantage of these forms is their resistance to low winter temperatures. They all tolerate frosts down to -23-24ºС. Thus, when growing them in the south of Ukraine or Russia, the bushes can not even cover for the winter (but even in the middle lane is better to hedge).
The main disadvantage of the above forms is that they very young and studies of their resistance to various pests and diseases are still being conducted. In this regard, you can overtake a big trouble, and because of inexperience to give up in such beautiful grape varieties.
We plant Burdak's grapes on our own plot: features of growing a grape bush
We select a place for grapes: what is important not to forget?
The vine grows well and bears fruit only if it receives a large amount of sunlight and is protected from cold, through winds. For this reason, grape bushes in private areas are recommended. land from the south or southwest side of the houses, at a sufficient distance from other buildings and plants, so that they do not obscure it.
Even grape bushes should be planted on a specific scheme: for strong-growing bushes - 1.5x3 meters.
The soil for growing grapes should have good fertility. Also, it is preferable to choose light soils, which both allow moisture to pass through well and do not hold it for too long periods of time.
Planting dates: when is it better to plant grapes?
Plant out grapes can both in spring and autumn. There are no clear advantages of a particular season, because each of them has its own approach.
If the sapling planted in the spring hardens well before the onset of the first frost, then you will not have to take care of the autumn grapes due to the good soil moisture.
In spring, grapes can be planted at the end of March (if the weather allows). At this time, dormant plants are planted, preserved from autumn, saplings and grafts are grafted. Also, in the spring you can breed grapes taps. In May and early summer you can still plant green seedlings grown from cuttings in pots on the windowsill.
In the autumn of the landing time is not so much stretched. Typically, the grapes are planted in mid-October, when the preparation of planting materials is carried out. However, the climate of your region and the timing of the arrival of winter will play a big role in this.
Grape seedling: how to choose and plant?
If you are going to plant a grape sapling on your plot, first of all, it is not up to him to choose, but to prepare the pit. The fact is that in it you need to fill a large amount of fertilizer, which by the time of planting itself should be well crouched. After all, if they sink together with a sapling, its root collar will be under the ground, which cannot be allowed.
The depth and width of the pit - not less than 0.8 meters. As fertilizers, use 2-3 buckets of humus, mineral fertilizers (potassium phosphate and nitrogen), as well as good fertile soil. All this needs to be mixed and covered in a hole. A layer of simple soil is piled over the fertilizers.
You can choose a good seedling according to characteristics such as the white color of the root system and the green color of the cut of its top. This seedling before planting is necessary hold for a day or two in the water and only then put in the pit.
A grape seedling is digging in neatly because it has very fragile roots. Without burying a hole to the end, you can pour a bucket of water into it, which will tamp the soil, leaving no airbags in it. After the pit is completely buried, the sapling is watered with 2 more buckets of water.
Also, it is recommended to immediately drive a solid support near it.
The soil around the trunk is necessarily covered with the help of mulch, which will contribute to a longer retention of moisture in it.
How to care for Burdak's hybrid forms?
Caring for the forms of grapes Burdak not difficult, but some points must be remembered be sure to:
- The bush should be regularly watered in the spring, before it begins to bloom. After all, the spring soil can be very dry, which negatively affects the fruiting and growth of the bush. The bush is watered both during crop formation and during droughts.
- After each watering, the soil should be mulched with moss or sawdust (mulch thickness - 3 centimeters).
- The only reliable way to increase the yield of the bush is to constantly feed it. To do this, it is recommended to use the same fertilizers that were laid at the bottom of the pit when planting.
- Good effect on the size of clusters and berries pruning bush, which is best done in late autumn. Each shoot should be shortened by 6-8 eyes.
- Young seedlings to cover for the winter must be mandatory, because they are low frost resistant. Adult bushes are often grown as a non-covering culture.
- Due to the lack of data on the resistance of the described varieties to fungal diseases, every year the bushes are sprayed with pesticides and herbicides for prevention.
