Dunka mushrooms, or as they are still known - swine, are quite common in our forests. This fungus used to be considered conditionally edible, but today it is classified as poisonous. What is the danger and whether it can actually be eaten, read about this and other important details below.
Other name
The most common name is Swine, but you can also hear variations like a pig or pig. In some territories, they are known as solopens or salt jars. Another name that exists among the population is duni, dunki or cowsheds. Anyway, the Latin name of the fungus Paxillus Invutus translates exactly as a pig.
Did you know? Mushrooms have their kingdom. Scientists for a long time could not determine whether mushrooms belong to plants or animals. The fact is that in terms of protein composition, they are closer to animals, but in terms of the amount of carbohydrates and other minerals - they are like plants, therefore they are separated into their own separate kingdom.
What do they look like
The mushrooms of this variety have a rather peculiar look, which does not confuse them with other inedible mushrooms. 
The difficulty is that Dunka does not possess any signs of a poisonous variety, so this mushroom is very similar to all other species that are found in the forests. But the pig can be identified by several characteristic signs.
Get acquainted with the types of pigs and their characteristics.
Hat
The cap of a mushroom can be of a different size, it all depends on the age and place of growth. The largest specimens reach 15 centimeters. Young mushrooms hat convex, slightly curved at the edges. The older the fungus, the lower the central part becomes.
Over time, the cap takes the form of a funnel, which draws down to the base. Fruit margins may also have funnel-shaped shapes, but sometimes they are simply lowered, curved or wavy. 
The color of young mushrooms is usually olive or olive brown. Over time, they become more and more gray, acquiring a rusty or grayish-brown color. The surface can be wet, damp, dry, sticky, glossy - it all depends on the weather and conditions of the place where the fungus grows.
Important! It is possible to identify a dangerous thin pig by one simple sign: the mushroom accumulates moisture in the flesh, therefore, if you press on it or on the cut, he immediately darkens. This is a distinctive feature that helps to separate the Dunk from other standard edible mushrooms.
Leg
Leg rather short, only 8-9 centimeters. At the same time throughout the growth has a grayish color. Its structure is more dull and dense. In comparison with the size of the cap, the leg is rather small and thin, only 2 centimeters thick. 
Pulp
The flesh is thick and soft. Its color is usually yellow or of a weak yellowish color, but at the cut points it becomes very dark. The aroma of the fungus in the pulp is almost absent, as is the usual mushroom flavor. The plates are dense, they are thin and narrow, easily separated from the soft body. Their color is usually the same yellow, but may have a brown color.
We recommend reading about which mushrooms grow in Rostov, Saratov, Volgograd, Leningrad, Kaliningrad regions, Krasnodar Krai and Bashkiria.
When and where to grow
Dunks grow in large groups. Moreover, the appearance may differ slightly from the standard description depending on the place where the group is located. Settled on the edges of the forest or near the marshes, because they are very fond of moisture. Settled on fallen trees or stumps. Widespread in our territories.
Actively grow in the period from early summer to autumn, while it is not very cold. Fruits mainly from June to October. Therefore, almost the entire summer and autumn period can be found in the territories of deciduous and coniferous forests. 
Can i eat
A couple of years ago solokhs were considered edible, although they were classified as highly dangerous (4th category - mushrooms can be eaten only after a very long soaking and a long cooking process), now they are considered poisonous, therefore collecting them is not recommended and even prohibited.
Important! Often there is a lethal outcome when eating a pig. This is due to the fact that even with repeated and prolonged heat treatment, the toxin contained in the pulp does not disappear anywhere.
What are dangerous mushrooms
Toxin lectin contained in pigs, getting into the blood, provokes the decomposition of red blood cells, thereby causing hemolytic anemia, if the dose is small, then nephropathy, jaundice and even renal failure in acute forms. 
Particularly high sensitivity to poison in children, people after diseases. Mushrooms are dangerous if a person has urolithiasis and an allergic tendency. It is also reported that muscarin, a specific alkaloid, which is found in red fly-agarics, was also found in solokh.
We advise you to read about which mushrooms are edible and poisonous, which edible mushrooms grow in the fall and in May, as well as to learn how to check the mushrooms for edibility using popular methods.
In large quantities causes vomiting, diarrhea, poisoning, bradycardia, visual disturbances. In severe cases, it leads to respiratory disorders and pulmonary edema. Contributes to the emergence of drug addiction.
Important! It is completely undesirable to snack alcoholic beverages rolled up or boiled by sows, although this is practiced, as it causes colorful hallucinations, but they often become frightening. The hallucinatory effect is due to the content in chuninomimetic muscarin.
However, the effect of the toxin is not as pronounced as, for example, in the toadstool. Poisoning can occur after a rather long period of time, it all depends on the number of fungi, their age and the state of the body. In addition, the fungus is the accumulator of radioactive isotopes, especially cesium and copper, which are very dangerous to health.
Signs of poisoning and first aid
The problem is that detecting poisoning is very difficult. But there are still some signs that not everything is in order with the body and, perhaps, the fungus is still poisonous:
- in small quantities and with prolonged use, the toxin causes a reaction resembling an intestinal infection. In this case, the body very rarely can cope with it and suppress the effect of the poison, because the state lasts for a long time;
- malaise for a long period;
- if many mushrooms have been eaten, the reaction occurs within 2-4 hours and has a high intensity;
- vomiting, diarrhea, increased peristalsis - the most obvious signs of poisoning;
- the appearance of hematomas and bleeding, pallor;
- blood tests show a change in the number of red blood cells, an increase in bilirubin is observed;
- development of jaundice begins;
- pupils are constricted, vision is impaired;
- a person may experience shortness of breath, he does not have enough air;
- heart rhythm is disturbed.
Sometimes, if the poisoning was minimal, lowered immunity, drowsiness, state of indisposition, vomiting and diarrhea last for a long time, but pass by themselves. Sometimes a person may not guess what caused this condition in him.
In particularly difficult cases, it is impossible to do without a diagnosis in the hospital. Be sure to pass tests for blood counts. In cases of jaundice or renal failure, hospitalization is required.
Did you know? Mushrooms existed on our planet more than 400 million years ago, which is scientifically proven. Because mushrooms are even older than dinosaurs and the oldest inhabitants of the Earth, along with ferns.
Video: first aid for mushroom poisoning
First aid, which must necessarily be given to a person if there are signs of mushroom poisoning, is as follows:
- To induce vomiting. This will help to clear the stomach of large pieces of mushrooms. This can be done with the help of salt diluted in water or mustard powder. You need to drink plenty of water, it also causes vomiting.
- It is important - when unconscious vomiting is prohibited to cause, as vomit can get into the lungs.
- Gastric lavage.
- Drink activated carbon.
- In severe cases, be sure to call an ambulance.
- In case of poisoning with swine dogs, a trip to the hospital is obligatory.
It will be useful for you to read about such inedible mushrooms, such as the panther mushroom, the toadstool, the false boletus, the satanic mushroom, the black rose, the bilious mushroom, the foxfish.
Svushki are quite dangerous mushrooms that can have a very detrimental effect on the body. And although they can be cooked, it is not recommended to eat them, as recent studies have shown that the toxin contained in it is not destroyed. You need to be very careful when collecting mushrooms in the summer and autumn.
Reviews from the network
